What is the Full Form of PLC? 

The full form of PLC is Programmable Logic Controller. As the name suggests, it refers to a programmable computing device used to manage electromechanical processes. Interestingly, a PLC is also sometimes referred to as an industrial PC ultimately signifies its primary function of working as a specialized industrial computing machine. Moreover, PLCs are actually the successors of relay logic systems. 

Also Read: What is the Full Form of PCU?

Types of PLC 

PLCs are divided into two main types including:

1. Compact PLC:

• In a compact PLC, there exist multiple modules within a single case.
• Since the total number of external I/O cards and I/O modules is fixed, a compact PLC lacks the capacity to increase the modules as and when required.  

2. Modular PLC

• This type of PLC allows multiple expansions using modules.
• Users can easily add more I/O components that operate separately from others.

Also Read: What is the Full Form of ICS?

PLC Components

Every PLC consists of a few essential components such as:

• Rack: A PLC rack is used to connect three sections including the CPU, the I/0 modules, and the power source.
• Power supply: The power supply converts AC into DC which is later used by the CPU and the I/O components. 
• I/O Modules: These Input Output modules act as messengers between the CPU and other process control devices.
• Programming device: The programming device in a PLC is usually a PC or Console. I/O modules send input signals into the CPU where the output signals are created. 
• Memory and storage: ROM acts as the storage space for system data, drivers, input and output data, and application programs.

Applications of PLC

PLCs are used for a wide range of applications such as:

• Fault or error detection
• Conveyor belt systems
• Escalator and elevator
• Car washing system
• Traffic control system
• Detection and alarm when a fire occurs

Also Read: What is the Full Form of SCADA?

What are the Advantages of PLCs?

The advantages of PLCs include:

• PLC components do not require complex wiring since the logic control is implemented by the software only. 
• Since it is microprocessor-based, PLC runs faster than common relay logic control systems.
• PLCs are specifically engineered to withstand harsh conditions such as extreme cold, heat, dust, and humid conditions. 
• It frees users from the hassle of traditional hard-wired logic control systems. 

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