What is the Difference Between RAM and ROM?

Have you ever wondered how a computer stores such extensive data? A computer has two different types of memory called RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory). Both of them sound kind of similar but actually have huge differences. Since both of them are used for storing data, many people often get confused between the two. Keep up with this blog to find out the difference between RAM and ROM and understand it in depth. 

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What is RAM?

RAM also called as random access memory. It allows users to read and write the operation of the data. It is used to store the data and programs which are used by the CPU in real-time. The data stored in the RAM can be read, written and deleted multiple times. RAM is referred to as a temporary memory as the data present in it lasts only till the power supply is on. It is just a piece of computer hardware which stores the computer’s short term memory while the computer is running. 

Types of RAM

1. SRAM- Statistic random access memory stores a bit of data using the state of a six transistor memory cell. It consists of four to six transistors. Due to the number of transistors required in order to implement an SRAM cell, the power consumption is high at the time of reading or writing data and the density is reduced and price is increased as compared to DRAM.
2. DRAM- Dynamic random access memory is considered as the computer’s main memory. DRAM memory cells are made up of a transistor and a capacitor within an integrated circuit and a data bit is stirred in the capacitor. The capacitor can either be charged or discharged. DRAM has to be recharged every few milliseconds in order to retain data because transistors always leak a small amount causing capacitors to discharge which drains the information stored in it.

Also Read: Difference between Compiler and Interpreter

What is ROM?

ROM also called read only memory is a type of non-volatile memory in computers which is prerecorded. As the name suggests, it only performs a read operation function which means the data in this memory is stored at the time of manufacturing and the data stored cannot be altered by the users. ROM is a non-volatile memory which means the data stored in it remains untouched even after the power turns off because the data stored in this memory is on a permanent basis. It doesn’t mean that the data stored in ROM cannot be modified, it can be rewritten with the use of some very specific methods.

Types of ROM

1. PROM- Programmable read only memory is a type of ROM where the data is written after the memory chip has been created. The data in this is permanent and cannot be changed. They are used in electronic devices in order to store permanent data. Its main characteristic is that the data is programmed in it after the manufacturing process.
2. EPROM- Erasable programmable read only memory is a type of ROM which can be erased and reused. The data on this non-volatile memory chip can be erased by exposing it to high intensity UV light.
3. EEPROM- Electrically erasable programmable read only memory is a type of ROM which retains all the stored data even after the power is removed. The data in this memory chip can be electrically erased and rewritten using field electron emission which means there is no need for EEPROM to be taken out of the device while rewriting the data.
4. MROM- Masked read only memory is that type of ROM in which the data is written during the manufacturing process of the memory chip.

Also Read: MCA: Master of Computer Applications

Key Differences Between RAM and ROM

Basis	RAM	ROM
Type of Memory	RAM is a volatile memory which can store the data with the help of power supply only. RAM is a temporary storage type of memory.	ROM is a non-volatile memory which is able to store all the data even after the loss of power supply. ROM is a permanent memory.
Operating Speed	The operating speed of RAM is much faster than ROM and is called a high-speed memory.	The operating speed of ROM is much slower than RAM.
Data Access	The data can be read, erased and modified.	The data in ROM can only be read but cannot be modified as it is pre-recorded.
Purpose	RAM stores the data required to be currently processed by the CPU in real time.	ROM is required to store the instructions required during the bootstrap of the computer.
Capacity	RAM has a larger size with greater capacity.	ROM has a comparatively smaller size with less capacity.
Cost	RAM is costly especially in comparison to ROM.	ROM is much cheaper than RAM.

We hope this blog helped you get familiarized with all the differences between RAM and ROM. Computers and Information Technology is the most booming industry worldwide. Hoping to pursue a career in this field. Get in touch with Leverage Edu experts to get complete guidance regarding choosing the best course for yourself and getting admission to your dream university. Sign up for a free session with us now!