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The full form of HIV is Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a retrovirus that directly attacks and breaks down the human body and its immune system. HIV specifically attacks the CD4 Cells (T Cells) whose job is to help the immune system fight off infections as well as macrophages and dendritic cells. If left untreated, HIV can lead to the disease AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). Though, unlike some viruses that leave the body entirely after treatment, HIV will not entirely leave a person. It has killed more than 25 million people around the world to this date.
How is HIV Caused?
HIV is caused because of the following reasons:
- Most commonly it is caused by sexually transmitted infections and occurs with or transfer of blood or other bodily fluids from one person to another.
- A mother with HIV can pass it on to her child through childbirth, breastfeeding, or even during pregnancy.
- Resuing infected needles that have been used by a person with HIV.
- HIV can also be spread through blood transfusions with infected blood, though this is rare now due to the blood screening processes.
- Sharing of contaminated piercing or tattooing equipment.
- Organ transplantation from a donor that has HIV.
Also Read: What is the Full Form of NACO?
What are the 7 Symptoms of HIV?
The stage of the infection and the immune system of the person will decide the symptoms of HIV as it can vary. Initially, a person would generally experience:
- Fever
- Headache
- Rash
- Sore Throat
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Diarrhea
- Weight loss
It is important to note that the symptoms can vary, and some people may remain asymptomatic for years. Furthermore, early detection and medical intervention are necessary to manage the progression of HIV and enhance the quality of life for individuals living with HIV. Thus, people need to go through regular testing, practice safe sex, and avoid sharing needles as they are crucial preventive measures for HIV.
Also Read: What is the Full Form of WHO?
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