What is the Full Form of DOM?

The full form of DOM is Document Object Model. It is a representation of the elements and data within a web document. It encompasses the structure and content of the document on the web. The Document Object Model (DOM) serves as a programming interface designed for web documents. It provides a means to manipulate the structure, style, and content of a webpage through programmatic changes. 

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How Does DOM Work? 

By representing the document as nodes and objects, the DOM enables programming languages to interact with the page effectively. A web page functions as a document that can be presented in the browser window or viewed as HTML source code. 

Despite the presentation format, the underlying document remains the same. However, the DOM representation of the document allows for dynamic modifications. Acting as an object-oriented representation of the webpage, it can be altered using scripting languages like JavaScript.

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Need of DOM

HTML is employed to structure web pages, while JavaScript is utilized to introduce interactivity and behavior to our web pages. When an HTML file is loaded into a browser, JavaScript cannot directly comprehend the HTML document. Hence, a corresponding representation known as the Document Object Model (DOM) is created. 

The DOM essentially represents the same HTML document but in a distinct format utilizing objects. JavaScript can easily interpret and work with the DOM. While JavaScript may not directly understand HTML tags like <h1>H</h1>, it can comprehend objects such as h1 within the DOM. Consequently, JavaScript can access each of these objects (e.g., h1, p, etc.) by employing various functions.

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Structure of DOM

The DOM can be visualized as a tree or even a collection of trees (referred to as a forest). The term “structure model” is occasionally used to depict this tree-like representation of a document. Every branch of the tree leads to a node, and each node consists of objects. Nodes can have event listeners attached to them, which are activated when a specific event occurs. 

A key characteristic of DOM structure models is their structural isomorphism. This means that if two different DOM implementations are utilized to create a representation of the same document, they will generate an identical structure model, containing precisely the same objects and relationships.

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