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Looking for NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 7 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere Solutions? This blog provides clear, well-explained answers to all the exercise questions from Chapter 7 of the Fundamentals of Physical Geography textbook. These easy explanations will help you prepare better for your exams. Whether you’re studying for a test or want to understand the chapter for class discussions, this guide will make everything easier to learn. You can also download a free PDF of the solutions to revise anytime you want.
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NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Fundamentals of Geography Chapter 7 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
These NCERT solutions for Class 11 Geography Fundamentals of Geography Chapter 7 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere will help you prepare effectively for your exams. By studying the explanations thoroughly and regularly revising the key concepts, you can score well.
1. Multiple Choice Questions
(i) Which one of the following gases constitutes the major portion of the atmosphere?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Argon
(d) Carbon dioxide
(ii) Atmospheric layer important for human beings is:
(a) Stratosphere
(b) Mesosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Ionosphere
(iii) Sea salt, pollen, ash, smoke soot, fine soil — these are associated with:
(a) Gases
(b) Dust particles
(c) Water vapour
(d) Meteors
(iv) Oxygen gas is in negligible quantity at the height of atmosphere:
(a) 90 km
(b) 120 km
(c) 100 km
(d) 150 km
(v) Which one of the following gases is transparent to incoming solar radiation and opaque to outgoing terrestrial radiation?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Helium
(d) Carbon dioxide
Solutions:
(i) (b) Nitrogen
(ii) (c) Troposphere
(iii) (b) Dust particles
(iv) (d) 150 km
(v) (d) Carbon dioxide
Also Read:
- NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 7 Geography Chapter 7: Life in the Deserts (Free PDF)
- NCERT Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Globe ‘Latitudes and Longitudes’: Notes and Solutions (Free PDF)
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words
(i) What do you understand by atmosphere?
(ii) What are the elements of weather and climate?
(iii) Describe the composition of atmosphere.
(iv) Why is troposphere the most important of all the layers of the atmosphere?
Solutions:
(i) The atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding Earth. It protects life from harmful solar radiation, regulates temperature, and provides essential gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide, making Earth habitable for plants, animals, and humans.
(ii) The main elements of weather and climate are temperature, air pressure, wind, humidity, clouds, and precipitation. These factors interact to determine the atmospheric conditions of a place and influence daily weather changes and long-term climate patterns.
(iii) The atmosphere consists primarily of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with smaller amounts of argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases. It also contains water vapor and dust particles that influence weather and climate by affecting heat and moisture.
(iv) The troposphere is crucial because it supports life and contains most of the atmosphere’s mass. Weather events like rain, wind, and storms occur here, and it holds the oxygen necessary for breathing and the carbon dioxide used by plants.
3. Answer the following questions in about 150 words
(i) Describe the composition of the atmosphere.
(ii) Draw a suitable diagram for the structure of the atmosphere and label it and describe it.
Solutions:
(i) The atmosphere is composed of various gases, water vapour, and dust particles that play a crucial role in supporting life and regulating the Earth’s climate. The two main gases are nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). Nitrogen is essential for plant growth, while oxygen is necessary for breathing and combustion. Other gases include argon (0.93%), carbon dioxide (0.04%), and trace amounts of gases like neon, helium, ozone, and hydrogen. Although carbon dioxide is present in a small quantity, it significantly influences the Earth’s temperature by trapping heat through the greenhouse effect.
Water vapour is another important component, varying in amount depending on location and conditions. It plays a key role in weather phenomena such as clouds, rain, and snow. Besides gases and vapour, the atmosphere also contains dust particles like ash, sea salt, smoke, pollen, and soil. These particles assist in the formation of clouds and help scatter sunlight. Altogether, the atmosphere’s composition is vital for life and climate stability.
(ii) Structure of the Atmosphere
Explanation:
The atmosphere is divided into layers based on temperature variations:
- Troposphere (0–10 km): The lowest layer where weather phenomena occur. It contains most of the air and supports life.
- Stratosphere (10–50 km): Home to the ozone layer, which protects life from harmful ultraviolet rays. Commercial jets fly in this stable layer.
- Mesosphere (50–80 km): The coldest layer where meteors burn upon entering Earth’s atmosphere due to friction.
- Thermosphere (80–400 km): A very hot layer with thin air. It includes the ionosphere, which reflects radio waves, and is where auroras (northern/southern lights) form.
- Exosphere (400 km and above): The outermost layer that gradually merges into outer space. It contains extremely thin gases and very few particles.
Also Read:
- NCERT Class 6 Geography Chapter 5 ‘Major Domains of the Earth’: Notes and Solutions (Free PDF)
- NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 3 ‘Our Changing Earth’: Notes and Solutions (Free PDF)
Download NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Fundamentals of Geography Chapter 7 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
Download NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Fundamentals of Geography Chapter 7 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere to prepare well for your exams. These solutions explain all the questions and important concepts in simple language, making it easier for you to understand and score better in your exams.
Download NCERT Solutions of Class 11 Fundamentals of Geography here:
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