One app for all your study abroad needs
Looking for NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 2 The Origin and the Evolution of the Earth Solutions? This blog provides easy and well-explained answers to the exercise questions from Chapter 2: The Origin and the Evolution of the Earth, part of the Geography textbook. These easy explanations will help you prepare better for your exams. Whether you’re studying for a test or want to understand the chapter for class discussions, this guide will make everything easier to learn. You can also download a free PDF of the solutions to revise anytime you want.
Table of Contents
Explore Notes of Class 11 Fundamentals of Geography
| Chapter 1 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 | Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 |
NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Chapter 2 The Origin and the Evolution of the Earth
These NCERT solutions for Class 11 Geography Chapter 2, The Origin and the Evolution of the Earth, will help you prepare effectively for your exams. By studying the explanations thoroughly and regularly revising the key concepts, you can score well.
1. Multiple Choice Questions
(i) Which one of the following figures represents the age of the Earth?
(a) 4.6 million years
(b) 13.7 billion years
(c) 4.6 billion years
(d) 13.7 trillion years
(ii) Which one of the following is not related to the formation or modification of the present atmosphere?
(a) Solar winds
(b) Differentiation
(c) Degassing
(d) Photosynthesis
(iii) Life on the Earth appeared around how many years before the present?
(a) 13.7 billion
(b) 3.8 million
(c) 4.6 billion
(d) 3.8 billion
Solutions:
(i) (c) 4.6 billion years
(ii) (b) Differentiation
(iii) (d) 3.8 billion
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words
(i) What is meant by the process of differentiation?
(ii) What was the nature of the Earth’s surface initially?
(iii) What were the gases which initially formed the Earth’s atmosphere?
Solutions:
(i) Differentiation is the process that occurred when the Earth was very hot. Heavier elements like iron and nickel sank to the center to form the core, while lighter materials rose to form the mantle and crust.
(ii) At first, Earth was very hot, empty, and covered in rocks. It was hit by many meteorites, had no air to breathe, and had lots of volcanoes, making it a dangerous place for life.
(iii) The early atmosphere was made up of gases like hydrogen, helium, water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia. These gases were mostly released by frequent volcanic eruptions and the release of gases from inside the Earth, a process called degassing.
Also Read:
- NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 2 ‘Inside Our Earth’: Notes and Solutions (Free PDF)
- NCERT Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Globe ‘Latitudes and Longitudes’: Notes and Solutions (Free PDF)
3. Answer the following questions in about 150 words
(i) Write an explanatory note on the ‘Big Bang Theory’.
(ii) List the stages in the evolution of the Earth and explain each stage in brief.
Solutions:
(i) The Big Bang Theory explains how the universe began. Around 13.7 billion years ago, everything—matter, energy, space, and even time—was squeezed into one tiny, extremely hot and dense point. Suddenly, this point exploded in a massive event called the “Big Bang,” causing the universe to expand very quickly. In the first few moments, tiny particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons formed. These particles later combined to make atoms, the building blocks of everything in the universe. As the universe continued to cool down, atoms came together to form stars and galaxies. Over time, planets, including Earth, also formed. This expansion of the universe is still happening today.
Scientists believe in the Big Bang Theory because of strong evidence. One key piece of evidence is the redshift of light from faraway galaxies, which shows they are moving away from us. Another is cosmic microwave background radiation, which is the leftover heat from the Big Bang. The solar system and Earth formed later from dust and gases in a rotating nebula about 4.6 billion years ago.
(ii) Earth has changed a slot since it first formed billions of years ago. These changes happened step-by-step over a very long time. Here are the main stages of how Earth evolved:
- Formation of Earth (4.6 billion years ago): Earth formed from dust and gas that surrounded the Sun. These materials came together because of gravity, making a hot, glowing ball.
- Cooling and Crust Formation: As Earth cooled down, its surface became solid, forming the crust. Volcanoes erupted, releasing gases like water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen, which created Earth’s first atmosphere.
- Formation of Oceans: Water vapor in the atmosphere cooled and turned into rain. This rain filled the low areas on Earth’s surface, forming oceans.
- Beginning of Life (3.5 billion years ago): Simple living things, like tiny bacteria, appeared in the oceans. Some bacteria started making oxygen through photosynthesis, slowly changing the air.
- Oxygen and Ozone Layer Formation: The oxygen made by these bacteria formed the ozone layer. This layer protects Earth from harmful sunlight, allowing more complex life to grow.
- Formation of Continents: Movements inside Earth made landmasses break apart and come together, forming continents.
- Rise of Complex Life: Plants and animals evolved, leading to the rich variety of life we see today, including humans.
Download NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Chapter 2 The Origin and the Evolution of the Earth
Download NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography Chapter 2 The Origin and the Evolution of the Earth to prepare well for your exams. These solutions explain all the questions and important concepts in simple language, making it easier for you to understand and score better in your exams.
Download NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography here:
| Chapter 1 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 | Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 |
Also Read:
Related Reads
For more topics, follow LeverageEdu NCERT Study Material today!
