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The full form of GCC is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which is a regional intergovernmental political and economic union. Comprising of six Arab countries in the Arabian Peninsula. Established in 1981, the GCC aims to foster cooperation and integration among its member states in various fields. That includes economics, security, culture, and social affairs. The headquarters is in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The GCC has played a significant role in shaping the dynamics of the Gulf region.
History and Formation
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The Gulf Cooperation Council was formed on May 25, 1981, in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. By Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The formation of the GCC was a response to the Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War. Because the war basically threatened the stability of the region. So, the member countries recognized the need for a unified approach to address common challenges and promote regional cooperation.
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Economic Cooperation
One of the primary objectives of the GCC is to enhance economic cooperation among its member states. The council has taken several initiatives to strengthen trade relations, promote investment, and facilitate the movement of goods and services within the region. Establishing a customs union in 2003 and the subsequent implementation of a common market in 2008 have been significant milestones in achieving economic integration. The GCC also aims to establish a common currency in the future, similar to the European Union‘s euro.
Security and Defense Cooperation
The GCC strongly emphasises security cooperation to ensure the stability and safety of its member states. The organization has developed mechanisms for joint defence planning, intelligence sharing, and coordination in the face of common security threats. The Peninsula Shield Force, a collective defence initiative, was established to respond to external aggression and maintain regional peace. The GCC has also played a vital role in mediating regional conflicts and promoting dialogue among its members.
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The Gulf Cooperation Council recognizes the importance of social and cultural integration to foster a sense of shared identity among its member states. Efforts have been made to promote cultural exchanges, heritage preservation, and collaboration in education and healthcare. The GCC has implemented programs to enhance cooperation in various social sectors, including labour rights, human rights, and women’s empowerment.
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Objectives of GCC
The Gulf Cooperation Council has set six main objectives. They are –
- Achieve unity and strengthen its members
- Promote a shared identity with neighbouring countries
- Look for collective economic growth and development
- Improve security and stability in the region
- Represent collective interests at international platforms
The GCC even has its own ratified and signed charter and bylaws.
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GCC Organisations
The GCC has the following organisations under its umbrella-
- Supreme Council
- Ministerial Council
- Secretariat- General
- Gulf Cooperation Council’s Parliament
- Gulf Cooperation Council’s Customs Union
- Gulf Cooperation Council’s Court
- Gulf Cooperation Council’s Common Market
- Gulf Cooperation Council’s Monetary Union
- Gulf Cooperation Council’s Military Command
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