What is Federalism?

Federalism comes from the Latin ‘foedus’ which means a treaty. Under the political system of Federalism, the power of governance is shared between a larger/general government having National responsibilities and a Regional government with local responsibilities. Furthermore, this power division is clubbed with authority to carry out the responsibilities bestowed upon them on behalf of the people of the Federal body. Let us find out What is Federalism.

How is a Federal Structure?

A system that works on Federal values has at least two levels of government. That is divided between the Central level and Territorial level e.g. States, Regions and Provinces.

• The Indian Constitution also has many features of Federalism imbibed into it.
• Moreover, it provides a way for different groups to share power based on common interests. Yet they exercise a level of autonomy vis-à-vis Central State institutions.

This means that Federalism paves a path for groups of people who have certain things in common, as well as some important differences, to live together.

• This happens by sharing powers for things they have in common. For example, international trade.
• At the same time, they can maintain a certain level of self-rule over a few things that concern their interests.
• Moreover, these interests can include education, healthcare and broadcasting 

Also Read: Devolution of Powers and Finances up to Local Levels

Federalism in Different Countries

Additionally, due to shared and cooperative Federalism, it has often been a choice for many countries like the USA, India, Brazil, Mexico, Germany, as well as Nigeria.

• This political system is often adopted by those countries that have a very diverse population who wish to preserve their identities.
• Furthermore, this diversity can span across religious, linguistic or ethnic. 

Federalism comes as a response to the challenges that come with the size and diversity of a country. Moreover, there can be countries having different issues and as the problems are different, no Federal system in a particular country is exactly like the other. Every country has a system that works best for them.

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