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In NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 4 ‘The Mughals (16th to 17th Century)’ we learn about the Mughal and their powerful dynasty along with the Mughal Empire and their Conquests, etc. We have provided a summary of the chapter in the blog. In addition, the blog includes important definitions in this NCERT chapter. Also, we have provided solutions to questions in the Exercise in the lesson. Keep reading for more!!
Download Social Science Class 7 History Chapter 4 Important Questions and Answers PDF
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Summary: NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 4
NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 4 The Mughals (16th to 17th Century), tells about the Mughals, a powerful dynasty in India’s history. It unfolds with insights about the Mughal emperors and their military conquests. The chapter sheds light on their interactions with fellow rulers, showcasing the complex web of Mansabdars, Jagidars, Zabt, and Zamindars. Also, it delves into the visionary policies of the Mughal Emperors, which played a pivotal role in shaping the empire. The chapter concludes by offering a glimpse into the state of the Mughal Empire during the 17th century and beyond, providing a crucial historical perspective.
Explore more about the Mughal Emperors below
Mughal Emperor Jahangir: Life, Legacy, and Influence
Babur: The Magnificent History of the First Mughal Emperor
Emperor Akbar: History, Life, Achievements
Life & Accomplishments of Aurangzeb: The Least Favorite Mughal
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Download Social Science Class 7 History Chapter 4 Important Questions and Answers PDF
Download NCERT Solutions of Class 7 History Chapters Here
NCERT Solutions of Class 7 History Chapter 4: PDF Available!
1. Match the following:
Mansab Marwar
Mongol Uzbeg
Sisodiya Rajput Mewar
Rathor Rajput Rank
Nur Jahan Jahangir
Ans. Mansab- Rank
Mongol- Uzbeg
Sisodiya Rajput- Mewar
Rathor Rajput- Manwar
Nur Jahan- Jahangir
2. Fill in the blanks.
(a) The five Deccan Sultanates were Berar, Khandesh, Ahmadnagar, Bijapur and Golconda.
(b) If zat determined a mansabdar’s rank and salary, sawar indicated his number of cavalrymen.
(c) Abul Fazl, Akbar’s friend and counsellor, helped him frame the idea of sulh-i-kul so that he could govern a society composed of many religions, cultures and castes.
3. What were the central provinces under the control of the Mughals?
Ans. The central provinces under the control of the Mughals were Delhi, Kabul, Mewar, Sindh, Marwar, Gujarat, Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Chittor and Deccan.
4. What was the relationship between the mansabdar and the jagir?
Ans. Mansabdars received their salaries as revenue assignments called jagirs, which were somewhat like iqtas. The Mansabdars did not actually reside in or administer their jagirs, rather, they only had the rights to the revenue of their assignments, which was collected for them by their servants, while the mansabdars themselves served in some other part of the country.
5. What was the role of the zamindar in the Mughal administration?
Ans. ‘Zamindar’ was a term used by the Mughals to describe all intermediaries, whether the local headmen of a village or any powerful chieftain. The role of the zamindar in the Mughal administration was to collect revenues and taxes from the peasants, which were a source of income for the Mughals. They acted as an intermediate between the Mughals and the peasants, and in some areas, the zamindars exercised a great deal of power.
6. How were the debates with religious scholars important in the formation of Akbar’s ideas on governance?
Ans. During the 1570s, Akbar had a discussion on religion with the Ulama, Brahmanas, and Jesuit priests who were Roman Catholics and Zoroastrians. These discussions took place during his stay at Fatehpur Sikri in the ibadat khana. Akbar was interested in the religion, and social customs of different people, and his interaction with people of different faiths made him realize that their teachings created divisions and disharmony among his subjects. Thus, Akbar came up with an idea known as ‘sulh-i kul’, which focused on a system of ethics – honesty, justice, and peace. Abul Fazl helped Akbar frame a vision of governance around this idea of sulh-i kul, which was also followed by Jahangir and Shah Jahan as well.
7. Why did the Mughals emphasize their Timurid and not their Mongol descent?
Ans. From their mother’s side, the Mughals were descendants of Genghis Khan (died 1227), the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and Central Asia. From their father’s side, they were the successors of Timur (died 1404), the ruler of Iran, Iraq, and modern-day Turkey. However, the Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongol. This was because Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people. But the Mughals were proud of their Timurid ancestry.
8. How important was the income from land revenue to the stability of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The income from land revenue played an important role in establishing stability in the Mughal Empire. It strengthened the economic system of the empire. The money collected was invested in building forts and for the welfare of subjects. Its importance can be easily assessed from the fact that Todar Mal, Akbar’s revenue minister, took a 10-year period to carry out the proper calculation of land revenue.
9. Why was it important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis?
Ans. It was important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis because
- The empire had expanded to encompass different regions and provinces; thus, it was needed to provide stability to the empire.
- The problems of common folks would be understood better by the people living with them.
- Mughals also didn’t want people to rebel against them on the issue of privileges to Turanis and Iranis.
- They came here to rule, so they needed to respect the diversity of the country in order to have control over it.
Explore Notes of All subjects of CBSE Class 7:-
| CBSE NCERT Notes Class 7 English | CBSE NCERT Notes Class 7 History | CBSE NCERT Notes Class 7 Geography |
| CBSE NCERT Notes Class 7 Civics | CBSE NCERT Notes Class 7 Mathematics | CBSE NCERT Notes Class 7 Science |
Explore More:
| NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 1 “Tracing Changes Through a Thousand Years” |
| NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 2 “Kings and Kingdoms” |
| NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 3 “Delhi 12th to 15th Century” |
Check out Class 6 History Notes:
FAQs
Ans: The five Deccan Sultanates were Berar, Khandesh, Ahmadnagar, Bijapur and Golconda.
Ans: The central provinces under the control of the Mughals were Delhi, Kabul, Mewar, Sindh, Marwar, Gujarat, Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Chittor and Deccan.
Ans: ‘Zamindar’ was a term used by the Mughals to describe all intermediaries, whether the local headmen of a village or any powerful chieftain.
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