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Bhupalgad Fort, also known as Banurgad Fort, is a historic hill fort nestled in the Khanapur taluka of Sangli district, Maharashtra, India. Perched at 2,825 feet above sea level, this fort played a pivotal role during the Maratha Empire under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Its strategic location on the empire’s border made it a key defensive stronghold.
This guide explores all about Bhupalgad Fort History, its architectural features, and fascinating facts about Bhupalgad Fort, offering insights for history enthusiasts, trekkers, and travelers. Without further ado, let’s get started!
Table of Contents
Origins of Bhupalgad Fort
The Bhupalgad Fort history is somewhat shrouded in mystery due to limited records about its construction. While some sources attribute its origins to a king named Bhupal Singh, from whom it may derive its name, others credit Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj with fortifying or establishing it after defeating Afzal Khan in 1659.
- Strategic Purpose: Built as a border stronghold to protect the Maratha Empire’s southern frontiers against the Bijapur Sultanate.
- Location: Positioned on Manjarya hill, surrounded by deep valleys (except the south), offering natural defense.
- Naming: Known as Bhupalgad or Banurgad, after the nearby Banur village within its boundaries.
Bhupalgad Fort History: The Maratha Era
The Bhupalgad Fort history shines brightest during the Maratha Empire under Shivaji Maharaj. As a critical border outpost, it played a pivotal role in securing the Maratha Swarajya (self-rule).
- Key Appointment: Shivaji entrusted Firangoji Narsala as the fort’s governor (killedar) to oversee its defense.
- Strategic Role: Its elevated position and robust fortifications allowed monitoring of key routes, thwarting invasions.
- Fortification Design: Double-layered stone walls and bastions compensated for the hill’s moderate height, showcasing Maratha engineering.
The Battle of Bhupalgad (1679)
A defining chapter in the Bhupalgad Fort history unfolded during the Battle of Bhupalgad in April 1679, when Mughal general Diler Khan, accompanied by Sambhaji Maharaj (temporarily allied with the Mughals), besieged the fort.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Date | April 1679 |
| Context | Sambhaji’s brief Mughal alliance created a dilemma for Firangoji Narsala, who fled to Panhalgad to avoid fighting the Maratha prince. |
| Siege Tactics | Mughals used artillery from a nearby hill, demolishing bastions and capturing the fort. |
| Aftermath | Diler Khan plundered resources and ordered the amputation of 700 Maratha soldiers’ right arms, prompting Sambhaji to rejoin Shivaji. |
| Maratha Response | Shivaji sent 16,000 troops to reclaim the fort, but it was heavily damaged. Later, Marathas avenged the loss near Karkamb. |
This battle underscores the Bhupalgad Fort history as a site of intense conflict, highlighting its strategic importance in the Deccan’s power struggles.
Later History and Decline
The Bhupalgad Fort history took a downturn after the 17th century. The fort changed hands multiple times between the Marathas and Mughals, but its prominence faded by the 18th century.
- Neglect: Lack of maintenance led to structural decay.
- British Era: The rise of colonial power in the 19th century rendered the fort obsolete.
- Modern Challenges: Large-scale farming on the fort’s plateau has eroded many historical structures, leaving it in ruins.
Also Read: Purandar Fort History: Features, Facts, Timings & More
Architectural Features of Bhupalgad Fort
Though in ruins, Bhupalgad Fort retains remnants of its once-grand structure. Its architectural features highlight the Maratha Empire’s engineering ingenuity and strategic planning.
Strategic Location and Elevation
Situated on a hilltop at 2,825 feet above sea level, Bhupalgad Fort offers panoramic views of the surrounding Sahyadri landscape. Its elevated position provided a vantage point for monitoring enemy movements, making it a formidable defensive structure.
Fortifications and Size
Spanning over 400 acres, Bhupalgad Fort was a massive complex with strong stone walls encircling its perimeter. A central citadel on a hill provided additional defense, ensuring the fort could withstand prolonged sieges. The fort’s cliffs, rising approximately 700 feet on the east and north sides, added natural protection.
Water Reservoir and Sustainability
To sustain its inhabitants during sieges, the fort featured a rock-cut water reservoir within its walls. This ensured a reliable water supply, a critical factor in its defensive capabilities. Potable water is still available in the fort’s cisterns year-round, a testament to its thoughtful design.
Mahadev Temple and Bahirji Naik’s Samadhi
Within the fort complex lies a Mahadev temple and a samadhi (tomb) believed to belong to Bahirji Naik, Shivaji Maharaj’s head of intelligence. These structures add cultural and spiritual significance to the fort, attracting visitors interested in Maratha heritage.
Interesting Facts about Bhupalgad Fort
Bhupalgad Fort is rich with intriguing details that highlight its historical and cultural importance. Here are some key facts:
- Also known as Banurgad: The fort is named after the nearby village of Banur, located within its boundaries, emphasizing its connection to the local community.
- Accessible Trek: The climb to Bhupalgad is relatively easy, making it suitable for trekkers of all fitness levels. A road also provides vehicular access to the fort.
- Maratha Legacy: The fort exemplifies the Maratha Empire’s strategic use of hill forts to control and defend their territory.
- Historical Ruins: Despite its current state of ruin, Bhupalgad offers a glimpse into the Maratha Empire’s military and architectural brilliance.
Did you know? The word “gad” that you might notice at the end of the name like Bhupalgad translates to “Fort!”
Also Read: Who Is Shivaji Maharaj’s Son?
Bhupalgad Nearby Attractions to Explore
Bhupalgad Fort’s location in Sangli district makes it a great starting point for exploring other historical and natural attractions in the region. Here are some nearby sites to visit:
- Sangli Fort: A historic fort in Sangli city, known for its architectural beauty and connection to Maratha history.
- Vishalgad Fort: Another prominent Maratha fort, located approximately 60 km from Bhupalgad, offers stunning views and historical significance.
- Bahirji Naik Tomb: Located near the fort, this tomb honors Shivaji’s intelligence chief and adds to the area’s historical allure.
- Palshi Village: A quaint village near the fort, ideal for experiencing rural Maharashtra’s charm.
- Banling Temple: A local temple offering spiritual and cultural insights for visitors.
- Krishna River: Flowing through Sangli district, this river provides scenic beauty and opportunities for relaxation.
FAQ on Bhupalgad Fort History
Bhupalgad Fort was a key Maratha outpost during Shivaji Maharaj’s reign, notably involved in the 1679 Battle of Bhupalgad, where it was temporarily captured by the Mughals.
Yes, the trek to Bhupalgad is considered easy, making it accessible for beginners and families.
The Bhupalgad fort stands at 2,825 feet above sea level, offering stunning views of the Sahyadri range.
Visitors can explore the nearby attractions to Bhupalgad Fort, such as Sangli Fort, Vishalgad Fort, Palshi Village, Banling Temple, and the Krishna River.
Yes, the Battle of Bhupalgad in 1679 is a true historical event, supported by multiple historical sources, including Maratha and Mughal records, as well as modern scholarly works. The battle occurred between the Mughal Empire, led by General Diler Khan, and the Maratha Empire, with the fort of Bhupalgad (located in present-day Khanapur, Sangli district, Maharashtra) as the focal point.
Relevant Blogs
| Chittorgarh Fort History | Amer Fort History |
| Red Fort History | History of Fatehpur Sikri |
| Jaisalmer Fort History | Harihar Fort History |
That’s all about Bhupalgad Fort History! If you want to know more about topics like this, then visit our general knowledge page! Alternatively, you can also read our blog on general knowledge for competitive exams!
