CA Subjects

Chartered Accountancy or commonly known as CA, is a professional course that equips one with technical knowledge to manage finance, accounting and taxation for an organization or any business entity. Chartered Accountancy is not just a course but a social responsibility for which individuals are trusted by the public, corporate firms, government authorities and other pillars of the economy. With a reputation of being one of the highest degrees of integrity and professionalism in the country, Chartered Accountants (CA) are considered to be the most prestigious experts in the field of business and finance. Are you willing to take the opportunity to pursue this valuable course? Are you looking for CA subjects that you should master to crack all the levels of this one of the toughest exams in the world? Then here’s a comprehensive guide on Chartered Accountancy and various subjects that are a part of the CA examination curriculum.

Course	Chartered Accountancy
Short Form	CA
Offering Body	The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)
Levels of the Course	3 Levels
Duration of Course	CPT route (after 12th class): 4.5-5 years Direct Entry route (after graduation): 3 years
Minimum Eligibility	10+2 Qualification
Average Fee	CA Foundation Course: INR 9800 CA Intermediate Course: INR 18,000 (both groups), INR 13,000 (Group I/II) CA Final Course Fee: INR 22,000
Average Salary	INR 5 LPA-20 LPA

BCA subjects List

The Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA) is a three-year undergraduate degree program that focuses on computer science and applications. The subjects may vary slightly from one university to another, but generally, the BCA curriculum covers the following subjects:

1. Programming Languages (such as C, C++, Java, Python)
2. Data Structures
3. Database Management Systems
4. Computer Networks
5. Operating Systems
6. Web Technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript)
7. Software Engineering
8. Object-Oriented Programming
9. Computer Architecture
10. Mathematics for Computing
11. Digital Electronics
12. System Analysis and Design
13. Data Communication and Networking
14. Artificial Intelligence
15. Mobile Application Development
16. Information Security
17. Cloud Computing
18. Multimedia Systems
19. E-commerce
20. Project Management

Please note that the exact subjects can vary depending on the university or institution offering the BCA program. It’s always advisable to refer to the specific course curriculum of the institution you are interested in to get accurate and up-to-date information.

ICAI Important Dates 2023

The tentative dates related to ICAI 2023 are provided in the table given below:

Events	Tentative Dates
Last date for registration for the Foundation course	December 2022, last week/ June 2023, last week
Foundation exam	May 2023/ November 2023
Last date for registration for the Intermediate course (foundation route)	March, 1st week/ September, 1st week
Intermediate exam	November/ May
Last date for registration for the Intermediate course (direct entry)	February, 1st week/ August, 1st week
Intermediate exam	November/ May

CA Subjects and Syllabus 2023

In order to become a successful Chartered Accountant, one needs to combine innovative education with mentored work experience. This helps to develop the ability to analyze and interpret business problems and find out dynamic solutions. Perhaps, this is the reason why a CA has the edge over its counterparts. Here is the complete CA syllabus 2023:

CA Level	Subjects	Marking Scheme
CA Foundation	1. Principles and Practices of Accounting 2. Business Law & Business Correspondence and Reporting and Reporting 3. Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics 4. Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge	100 Marks each [400 Marks]
CA IPCC	1. Accounting 2. Business Laws, Ethics and Communication 3. Cost Accounting and Financial Management 4. Taxation 5. Advanced Accounting 6. Auditing and Assurance 7. Enterprise Information System & Strategic Management	100 Marks each [700 Marks]
CA Final	1. Financial Reporting 2. Strategic Financial Management 3. Advanced Auditing and Professional Ethics 4. Corporate Laws and Economic Laws 5. Strategic Cost Management and Performance Evaluation 6. Electives 7. Direct Tax Laws and International Taxation 8. Indirect Tax Laws	100 Marks each [800 Marks]

Below listed are the important CA subjects and topics covered in each of its examination modules:

CA Foundation or CPT Subjects

Given below is the list of subjects in CA foundation or CPT Subjects 2023:

Paper Number	Subject Name	Marks
Paper 1	Principles and Practices of Accounting	100 Marks
Paper 2	Business Law & Business Correspondence and Reporting Part I: Business Law [60 Marks] Part II: Business Correspondence and Reporting [40 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 3	Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics Part I: Business Mathematics [40 Marks] Part II: Logical Reasoning [20 Marks] Part III: Statistics [40 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 4	Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge Part I: Business Economics [60 Marks] Part II: Business and Commercial Knowledge [40 Marks]	100 Marks

CA Intermediate or IPCC Subjects

The table given below covers all the CA subjects 2023 for IPCC:

Paper Number	Subject Name	Marks
Paper 1	Accounting	100 Marks
Paper 2	Business Laws, Ethics and Communication Part I: Business Laws [60 Marks] Part II: Ethics [20 Marks] Part III: Communication [20 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 3	Cost Accounting and Financial Management Part I: Cost Accounting [50 Marks] Part II: Financial Management [50 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 4	Taxation  Part I: Income Tax Law [50 Marks] Part II: Indirect Tax Laws [50 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 5	Advanced Accounting	100 Marks
Paper 6	Auditing and Assurance	100 Marks
Paper 7	Enterprise Information System & Strategic Management Part I: Enterprise Information System [50 Marks] Part II: Strategic Management [50 Marks]	100 Marks

CA Final Subjects 2023

The CA subjects 2022 in the final level of the exam are grouped into 2 categories namely Group 1 and Group 2. Both of which contains 4 papers each.

Paper Number	Subject Name	Marks
Paper 1	Financial Reporting	100 Marks
Paper 2	Strategic Financial Management	100 Marks
Paper 3	Advanced Auditing and Professional Ethics	100 Marks
Paper 4	Corporate Laws and Economic Laws Part I: Corporate Laws [70 Marks] Part II: Economic Laws [30 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 5	Strategic Cost Management and Performance Evaluation	100 Marks
Paper 6	Elective [Refer to the table given below]	100 Marks
Paper 7	Direct Tax Laws and International Taxation Part I: Direct Tax Laws [70 Marks] Part II: International Taxation [30 Marks]	100 Marks
Paper 8	Indirect Tax Laws Part I: Goods and Services Tax [75 Marks] Part II: Customs and FTP [25 Marks]	100 Marks

Paper 6A: Risk Management	Paper 6C: International Taxation	Paper 6E: Global Financial Reporting Standards
Paper 6B: Financial Services and Capital Markets	Paper 6D: Economic Laws	Paper 6F: Multidisciplinary Case Study

CA Final Group 1 Subjects

• Financial Reporting
• Strategic Financial Management
• Advanced Auditing and Professional Ethics
• Corporate and Allied Laws

CA Final Group 2 Subjects

• Advanced Management Accounting
• Information Systems Control and Audit
• Direct Tax Laws
• Indirect Tax Laws

CA Eligibility Criteria

Now that you are familiar with what is the full form of CA, its levels and the process to acquire the designation; the next step would be to understand the requirements that are necessary to become one. As stated in the above passage, there are two entry routes to becoming a CA, let us understand both entry points-

• CA Foundation Entry: After qualifying for your class 12th exams with any stream, you can pursue a CA course by qualifying for the CA Foundation exam. This is one of the most preferable routes chosen for entering this route.
• CA IPCC: To the ones wondering how they can pursue CA after graduation pt PG course, then, joining the course at the CA IPCC level is the most suitable option. Candidates must have at least 55% marks if they have pursued a degree in the domain of commerce. Else, applicants with at least 60% marks in their UG course are eligible to appear for this level.

While understanding the CA subjects and CA course details, it is important to note that after completing the second level of the course, CA IPCC, it is mandatory for candidates to serve 3 years of Article ship. After completion of the second level and article ship, candidates are eligible for entering CA Final. Upon qualifying for all the exams of the CA Final, candidates will be eligible to pursue a full-time career as Chartered Accountant.

CA Exam Pattern 2023

The following are the details of the CA exam pattern 2023:

According to the ICAI CA foundation, the exam pattern for CA 2023 includes four papers and each paper carries 100 marks

• The language of the exam is English/Hindi (except paper 2 – section B)
• Paper 1 and Paper 2 include subjective questions while Paper 3 and Paper 4 include objective questions
• The duration for Paper 1 and Paper 2 is 3 hours and for Paper 3 and Paper 4 is 2 hours
• In the subjective papers, there is no negative marking while the objective papers have a penalty of 0.25 marks for each question

CA Exam List 2023

Generally running for a period of 3-4 years, depending on how long you take to clear the exams, the Chartered Accountancy course is a gateway to one of the most reputed professions across the world. Upon completing class 12th with the Commerce stream, one can appear for the exams. Enlisted are some of the top institutes governing the Chartered/Certified Public Accountancy program all across the world:

• Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)
• American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
• Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA)
• Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW)
• Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS)
• Chartered Accountants of Ireland 
• Institute of Chartered Accountants of Australia (ICAA)

Who is a Chartered Accountant?

A designation of Chartered Accountant is worldwide referred to as a professional accountant or Certified Public Accountant (CPA). This qualification opens the door to a vast range of exciting career opportunities in the sphere of business and finance. These professionals can wear a number of hats but the specialization and the CA subjects they choose determines under which umbrella they will work. There are typically 4 areas in which professional accountants serve:

1. Taxation
2. Applied Finance
3. Financial Accounting and Reporting
4. Management Accounting

How to Become a Chartered Accountant?

ICAI conducts the CA exams list in India consisting of 3 names – CA Foundation, IPCC and CA Final. Candidates need to clear the entire CA exam list in order to become a professional in this field.

If you wish to pursue Chartered Accountancy in India, then, you will have to register under the CA course offered by ICAI. CA course in India consists of three levels:

• CA Foundation
• CA IPCC
• CA Final 

ICAI organises CA exams twice a year that is in the months of May and November. The duration for becoming a CA in India is 4 to 5 years long which includes a mandatory period of Articleship. ICAI allows candidates to pursue a CA course after completion of class 12th as well as after graduation only if the candidate has pursued a relevant course. Recently, it has also been announced that candidates can register for the chartered accountant’s course after completing class 10th.

These exams are conducted twice a year, check out the diagram given below for a better understanding:

Path to Become a Chartered Accountant?

Now that you are familiarised with the eligibility of the CA course, we have detailed a complete guide on how to become a Chartered Accountant in the following sections:

Choose a Career Path

There are different paths available for those aspiring for a career in Chartered Accountancy. This field constitutes of various job roles such as a Chartered Accountant, Chartered Management Accountant, Chartered Accountant (Audit), Chartered Certified Accountant, Public Accountant, Business Accountant, Finance Manager, etc. These career paths vary according to the professional training and knowledge an individual has gained. To explore these opportunities, you can choose from numerous quality education programs offered around the world in the field of Finance and Accountancy.

Register for CPT

A Common Proficiency Test authorized by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India is the primary level exam of Chartered Accountancy. Clearing this test, you will become eligible to appear for the second-level entrance exam which is integral for becoming a CA. 

Register for IPCC

Candidates who have successfully passed the CPT exam can apply for the next level Integrated Professional Competence Course. IPCC comprises a total of 7 exams in the form of groups (Group 1+ Group 2). Candidates are required to qualify for a minimum of one group in order to proceed to the following level.CA Subjects

ITT and Orientation

The information Technology Training and Orientation program is compulsory for candidates aspiring to become a CA. The program introduces you to the essential skills and knowledge of the Accounting industry. The only major concern regarding the ITT and orientation is their registration process. Hence, it becomes important to apply for the ITT and orientation program prior to registering for the Articleship.

Registering for Articleship

Articleship is a critical part of the procedure of how to become a Chartered Accountant because it equips students with vital exposure to the Accounting industry. Those aspiring to work as CA are required to register for article assistance for a period of 3 years with any practising chartered accountant. To begin with, individuals can start working in financial and accounting firms which will provide them with a real-time experience of handling clients and executing financial programs. By gaining proper professional experience, you will be deemed qualified for the final CA exam.

Qualify for CA Final Course

Candidates are required to appear for the CA final examination during the last six months of their article training period. This is the last step of the process of becoming a CA after which you can step into the industry to gain further experience.

Also Read: CA Final New Syllabus

Get Additional Professional Experience

Completing just a CA course or graduation degree is not enough. Today, top recruiters and business firms look for professionals with specialised knowledge and skills. You need to take a specialisation to discover career prospects in your chosen field of interest. You can choose from a wide range of Finance courses offered around the globe and opt for a specialisation that fits your preferences and interests.

CA Selection Process and Structure

Here are the important details which you should know about how to become a Chartered Accountant along with some important CA subjects:

• The students should register with the recognized authority governing CA programs like ICAI.
• They need to qualify for 3 modules of the course: CA Foundation Exam, Intermediate Course (2 groups) and CA Final which consists of numerous CA subjects.
• After you have cleared the first level i.e., the CA Foundation Exam and the first group of the Intermediate Course, you are eligible to begin your articles under a CA firm or a practising CA.
• Till the time you complete 3 years of practical training, your CA Final is due which you must clear.
• Other than this, you have to complete computer-related training and an Orientation Course (OC) to improve your information technology and for soft skill development.
• Once everything is complete, students will attain their professional CA degree.

Note: If you are wondering about how to pursue CA after Graduation then the undergraduate degree holders can skip the CA Foundation exam and enrol directly with the ICAI for the Intermediate Course. 

Skills Required to Become a CA 

Now that you are familiar with what is the full form of CA along with a basic understanding of the journey of the course, let us take a quick look at what are the important skills that one must have to become a CA-

• Deliverance and determination
• A knack for numbers 
• Conceptual understanding
• Analytical skills 
• Ability to handle manifold tasks under pressure 

Why Pursue a Professional Career in CA?

Chartered Accountants are recognized for their professional standards, technical competence and veracity. There is a constant demand for these professionals all around the world, because of tremendous growth in the business and finance sector.

The Chartered Difference
You do not need prior work experience to pursue a course in CA. However, you get an opportunity to undergo articleship and training while pursuing the course. And the latter part is important to get a license to professionally work as a CA.

Recognized Qualification
A professional qualification in Chartered Accountancy has true global mobility with its education and crucially the training recognized internationally.

Exam Success
The chartered accountant has an increasing career opportunity due to its global recognition as one of the highest-respected positions. After successfully clearing all the stages in the CA examination along with subsequent training, there are ample well-paying jobs for individuals in any of the top business and finance companies. 

The Flexibility of the Study Programme
If you’re planning to enrol for a chartered accountant course, you must know that CA is a full-fledged professional degree offered by a recognized institute governing the CA program in a specific country. However, there is no compulsion to attend classes regularly which opens up the feasibility for students to study various CA subjects at their own pace.

CA Advancing Studies and Courses

Undoubtedly, you gain almost everything you wished for in your life after becoming a chartered accountant. But the knowledge acquired through CA subjects when combined with some other courses can give an edge over the other roles in an organization:

• Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA course)
• Certified Financial Planner (CFP)
• Financial Risk Manager (FRM)
• Company Secretary (CS)
• Cost and Work Accountants (CWA)
• MBA in Finance
• Actuarial Science
• LLB

Also Read: How to Become a Company Secretary?

Books for CA Subjects

Given below are some books for BCA:

CA Foundation

• Shuchita Prakashan Scanner CA Foundation on Principles And Practice Of Accounting (New Syllabus) Paper
• Shuchita Prakashan Scanner CA Foundation on Business Laws And Business Correspondence And Reporting (New Syllabus) Paper – 2 For May 2020 Exam
• Shuchita Prakashan Scanner CA Foundation on Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning And Statistics (New Syllabus) Paper – 3 For May 2020 Exam
• Shuchita Prakashan Scanner CA Foundation on Business Economics And Business And Commercial Knowledge (New Syllabus) Paper – 4 For May 2020 Exam
• Business Economics And Business And Commercial Knowledge Study Material For CA Foundation
• Introduction to Financial Accounting

CA IPCC

1. Law For CA – PCC /IPCC
2. CA Intermediate Study Guide 2021
3. Handbook On Income Tax For CA Inter / IPCC
4. Goods & Services Tax (GST) Law & Practice With MCQs
5. Corporate Governance, Ethics And Social Responsibility
6. Auditing And Assurance: Theory And Practice
7. Advanced Cost Accounting
8. Business Ethics And Communication (CA-PCC / IPCC / ATC)
9. CA-IPCC Auditing And Assurance (For CA-IPCC Group-II)

CA Final 

1. CA Final Study Guide 2021
2. Indirect Taxes Containing GST, Customs, FTP & Comprehensive Issues
3. Strategic Management
4. Mergers And Acquisitions: Strategy, Valuation, And Integration
5. International Accounting
6. Financial Management eBook
7. Derivatives And Risk Management
8. Tulsian’s Financial Reporting

Job Opportunities in Chartered Accountancy

Chartered Accountants take on the role of business advisors in high-level strategic decisions, driving business, increasing market share for clients or employers and improving profit margins. Other than this, many CAs are seen using their skills and expertise to form their own businesses and become highly successful entrepreneurs.

Here is a list of top recruiters of Chartered Accountants.

• Audit and Taxation
• Tax Advisory Firms
• Cost Accountant
• Project Finance or Financial Advisory
• Banking and Financial Services (Government and Private)
• Investment Banking Firms
• Insurance Sector
• Corporate Houses (includes planning and budget team
• Law Firms
• Chartered Accountant Firms
• Outsourcing
• Academics

The rewards that go with professional accountants are significant. Below is a list of major job profiles for a CA to work on:

• Auditors
• Tax Specialist (Direct and Indirect Taxes)
• Cost Accountant
• Investment Banker
• Manager or Assistant Manager in Accounts, Finance, Credit, etc
• Asset Manager
• Consultant

Also Read: Short-Term Courses in Finance – 2020 List

Top Organisations Hiring Chartered Accountants 

The arduous journey of becoming a CA Can turn out to be fruitful after earning a job in a reputable organisation. other than practising Chartered Accountancy independently, many candidates get associated with organisations and handle their Finance. Listed below are a few top organisations which often hire CA graduates-

• KPMG
• EY
• Deloitte 
• Accenture
• Reliance Industries
• Grant Thornton 
• Kotak  Mahindra 
• ICICI Bank 
• Aditya Birla Group 
• Indian Oil 

FAQs

If you’re considering becoming a Chartered Accountant, you should be familiar with all the CA subjects covered in various stages of the CA examination. Take this opportunity to reach out to our experts at Leverage Edu to find out more about the entry routes, in order to build an exciting career path towards the industry of your choice, anywhere in the world. Call us immediately at 1800 57 2000 for a free 30-minute counselling session.