One app for all your study abroad needs
Are you planning to travel abroad? Then, you need a visa. A visa is an endorsement that is stamped or glued to your passport. This official document is essential for you to enter, or leave a country. A country issues different types of visas. You can apply for a tourist visa, a student visa, or even a work visa depending on the purpose of your stay. Would you like to know what exactly is a visa? Keep reading this blog to understand the meaning of visa, the history of visa, types of visa, general eligibility criteria, documents, application process, and more.
What Exactly is a Visa?
A visa is an authorization granted by a country to foreigners. It is stamped or glued to a passport. You need a visa to go to the port of entry of another country, and even leave that place. A visa can be issued for different reasons. For example, a visa is given for tourism, to study, work, conduct a business, search for employment, and more. This document comes with conditions of what you can and cannot do during your stay.
A visa is only valid for a specific period. You are obliged to leave the country before your visa expires. Several countries allow people to enter without a visa. However, these are exceptions.
What is the Difference Between a Visa and a Passport?
A visa and a passport are not the same thing. A passport is insufficient for travel unless a country allows you ‘visa-free entry’. The difference between a visa and a passport is provided below so that you can understand what exactly is a visa. Read more.
| Particulars | Passport | Visa |
| Meaning | A passport is issued to a citizen of a country. It acts as an identity document and is used for international travel | A visa is issued by another country. It permits the visa holder to enter the country for a specified period. |
| Restrictions | Another country issues a visa. It permits the visa holder to enter the country for a specified period. | A visa comes with do’s and don’ts |
| Features | It consists of the holder’s name, photograph, signature, etc | It is either a sticker or a stamp on a passport |
| Requirement | It is required for all international travel | Only needed if the destination country requires you to obtain a visa |
| Types | Ordinary passport, Diplomatic passport | Tourist visa, student visa, job seeker visa, business visa, work visa, etc. |
| Validity | Typically valid for 5 to 10 years. | Is only valid for a specified time for which it is granted |
| Renewability | A passport is easily renewable as long as you remain a citizen of the country. | A visa is only renewable if the destination country permits it. Moreover, you need to meet the eligibility requirements to renew a visa. It is also possible for you to apply for a permanent visa. |
What Exactly is a Visa’s History?
The concept of visa was started in the 19th century by the United Kingdom. In 1855, the country introduced the requirement of this ‘conditional endorsement’ along with a passport. Visas were introduced so that travellers could get permission before entering British territories.
The increase in global travel has made the League of Nations advocate for visa rules and passport requirements. Thus, after the Second World War, many countries established visa requirements. Visa was introduced to control immigration and for national security reasons.
The United Nations Refugee Convention (1955) played a crucial role in establishing the framework for refugee asylum. In 1855, the Schengen Agreement removed barriers and established a common entry and existing requirements for European countries. The E-visa and the visa waiver programs were only introduced in the 21st century to simplify the visa application process.
What are the Types of a Visa?
Visa is of different types. What exactly is a visa? A visa is issued depending on the purpose of your stay. Below we have provided some of the common visa types.
- Tourist Visa– A tourist visa is used for people who want to visit a country for tourism, or to visit their family and friends.
- Transit Visa– A transit visa allows you to transit through a country to reach a third country. For example, the UK transit visa
- A Student Visa- A student visa is issued to international students who want to study in a different country.
- Post-Study Work Visa– A post-study work visa permits an international student who has graduated from that country the time to search for employment or learn about setting up a business,
- Business Visa – A business visa is issued to undertake business activities in a country. For example, set up a new business, and attend a business meeting.
- Job Seeker Visa– It permits a person to enter a country to seek employment.
- Dependents Visa– This allows the dependents of a permanent resident, or a citizen of a country to travel.
- Work Visa– Allows you to enter a country to work.
- Refugee Visa- What exactly is a visa for refugees? This visa allows a refugee to enter the country.
| Examples of Tourist Visa | Examples of Student Visa | Examples of Post Study Work Visa | Examples of Work Visa |
| Malaysia tourist visa | Germany student visa | Visa options in the US after graduation | Japan work visa |
| Australia tourist Visa | Ireland student visa | Ireland post-study work visa | Long-term work visa in Spain |
| France tourist Visa | US F1 visa process | Ireland post study work visa | Singapore employment visa |
Difference Between an E-visa & a Visa-on-Arrival
To understand what exactly is a visa, you must also know what is an e-visa or a visa-on-arrival. An e-visa or the visa on arrival is issued for the above purpose. The main difference between them is –
| Particulars | E-Visa | Visa on Arrival |
| Meaning | E- visa refers to the visa applied online before travel | A visa on arrival means a visa that is granted after you have arrived in a particular country |
| Eligibility | Granted to travellers from specific countries based on government policies or bilateral agreements | Granted to specific countries selected by the destination country |
| Application Process | You need to visit the official website of the government to obtain an e-visa | It is processed at the immigration counter after you have arrived in the country |
| Approval Time | It can take a few hours to a few days | You can immediately get a visa on arrival. However, you will have to stand in the line, |
| Requirements | Passport, visa fees, and photographs. Flight tickets and hotel bookings are also asked in some cases. | On-the-spot visa fee payment, passport, and flight tickets |
| Payment Method | You can pay online while filling out the application form | Cash/card at the immigration counter |
| Ease of Travel | The visa is approved before travel. Hence, this is more convenient | Less convenient as the visa has not yet been approved |
| Rejection Risk | Extremely low chance of rejection | High chance of rejection. The immigration officers can decide not to give you the visa upon arrival. |
List of Countries with Visa-Free Travel for Indians in 2025
Understand the Eligibility Criteria to Obtain a Visa
Now you know what exactly is a visa. You must also know the basic eligibility criteria for a visa. We have provided the basic eligibility for a visa. Note- the exact criteria vary from country to country to the type of visa you are applying for.
- You must be a citizen or a resident of the country you are applying from
- You must have a passport that is issued within the last 10 years and is valid beyond the duration of your stay
- You must have health insurance or clear the medical health examination to prove that you are in sound health (depending on the visa)
- You must have sufficient funds to cover your expenses for the duration of your stay
- Additionally, you must not have any criminal record
- Must be willing to follow the conditions of the visa
- Submit all the necessary documents
General Documents to Obtain a Visa
Apart from knowing what exactly is a visa, you must also know the documents required. You need the necessary documents to obtain a visa. However, the documents you need for a visa differ based on the visa type, and the country you are applying for. The general documents you need are provided below:
- You must have a passport.
- Provide proof of finances. For example, show 3 to 6 months bank statements, and ITR.
- You must have arranged your accommodation in the destination country. This can be a hotel booking, rent agreement, etc.
- You must submit proof of medical insurance or a medical certificate
- Submit proof of purpose of travel
- An invitation letter (If applicable)
- Round-trip flight tickets or proof that you have income to purchase a return ticket
- Any other additional documentation required depending on the visa
You need to present these documents at the time of the visa interview. Moreover, all these documents must be translated into English or the offical language of the country you are applying a visa for. That is, if the documents are already not in the specified langauge.
What Is an Invitation Letter for a Visa?
Several countries require you to have a letter of invitation. For example, the USA, and Canada. What exactly is a visa invitation? A letter of invitation is a formal letter submitted by a person or an organisation stating that they are inviting you to the country. For example, a sports organisation inviting a sportsperson. A letter of invitation is asked to ensure that your travel is temporary.
When to Apply for a Visa?
It is not enough to know what exactly is a visa. You must also know when to apply for it. Typically, a visa application is not accepted at the last minute. For example, in the case of a Schengen visa, you cannot apply for it later than 15 days before the date of intended travel. This is because the visa officials will not have adequate time to process it. Similarly, applications sent more than 6 months in advance before the date of intended travel are not accepted. The application acceptance time varies depending on the country and the visa.
Step by Step Instructions to Apply for a Visa
What exactly is a visa application process? The visa application process varies depending on the country. However, we have provided the general visa application process below.
- Identify the visa type– You need to identify the kind of visa you want. For example, if you want to go abroad for education you need to apply for a student visa.
- Complete the visa application form– Download the visa application form and then complete it.
- Gather documents– You need to gather the relevant documents for the visa. You can download the checklist from the offical website of the embassy, consulate or visa facilitation agency.
- Schedule your visa appointment– You need to schedule your visa appointment.
- Show up on the date of your visa appointment– On this day, you will be asked to submit the biometric information, pay the visa fees, and attend the interview.
- Wait for visa processing- A visa processing time varies. Wait for the visa processing to be over and the consular officers to decide.
- Get the decision– At this stage, you will be informed of the status of your visa application. Your application can be approved or rejected.
- Collect passport- You need to collect your passport or any other documents you have submitted for the visa application process.
To learn how to apply for a student visa, watch this video:
Where to Apply for a Visa?
Are you wondering where you can get the visa application form, and submit the visa application? Below we have provided the main places to submit your application after you have understood what exactly is a visa.
- Embassy/consulate– The visa application can be submitted offline by visiting the embassy or consulate of the destination country.
- Visa facilitation agencies– Several countries accept application through visa faciliation agency. If you are submitting your application through them ensure that the agency is officially recognised or is a partner of the destination country
What to Expect During a Visa Interview?
When you apply for a visa you will have to attend an interview. The interview is held at an embassy or consulate of the destination country. What exactly is a visa interview? Your intention to travel to the country during the visa interview is questioned. Moreover, your documents are verified. Below are some of the common questions asked during a visa interview:
- What is the purpose of travelling to this country?
- How will you fund your travel and stay in this country?
- Who will be accompanying you?
- Have you arranged your accommodation in the country?
- How long do you intend to stay in this country?
- Do you have any relatives or family members in the destination country?
- Explain the ties you have to your home country.
Get to know the Questions asked for a US Visa Interview
What is the Processing time for a Visa?
Are you wondering what exactly is a visa processing time? The visa processing time is the time taken by visa officials to process your application. A visa can be rejected or accepted after the processing time is complete. The processing time for visas is different based on the country. However, generally, almost all countries would process your visa within 2 months. For example, you can expect to obtain a Canada visa within 8 weeks. On the other hand, a US visa processing time can take up to 6 months depending on the visa you are applying for.
Factors Affecting the Visa Processing Time
Several factors can affect your visa processing time and cause delays. Some of these factors are provided below:
- You have not provided complete information
- You have provided inaccurate information
- Previous criminal record (for verification)
- The embassy has received a huge number of applications for the visa
- You are applying for a visa during the peak season.
What is the Cost of a Visa?
Are you wondering what exactly is a visa cost? The visa cost varies depending on the type of visa you are applying for. It also depends on the country you are applying for. However, one thing is sure the visa charges are always below the INR 10,000 range. No visa fee will ever exceed this amount. Moreover, apart from the visa fees you need to pay a nominal fee to the visa facilitation agency for their visa services,
What is the Difference Between a Visa and a Permit?
A visa and a permit are not the same. Many people use these terms interchangeably. However, the meanings of both terms are different. A visa only allows you to enter a country, or leave it. However, to stay in a country is visa is not sufficient. You need a permit. A permit can be of different types-
- A study permit– Allows you to stay, and study in a country.
- Work permit– Authorises you to work in a country
- A Residence permit– Authorises you to live, work, or study in a country
Note– At times a permit also acts as a visa. In such cases, a visa is not required. For example, a Canada study permit, or applying for a UK study permit.
What is the Difference Between a Visa and a Permanent Residency Card?
Now you know what exactly is a visa. It is not a permanent residency. In fact, there is a huge difference between a visa and a permanent residency card. They are provided below:
| Particulars | Visa | Permanent Residency Card (PR) |
| Purpose | A visa is issued for a temporary period and allows you to enter or leave a country | A PR is issued for an indefinite period or for a long period. A PR allows you to live and work in a country |
| Residency | No guarantee of residency. You need to renew a visa or exist after the visa expires | Indefinite |
| Employment | Requires additional permits for work. Restrictions on work may also be there | Unrestricted work rights |
| Travel | Depends on the visa validity period | Easy re-entry. You can also access extended travel rights |
| Benefits | Limited access to education and healthcare | Proper access to education, health, and other social benefits (equal to a citizen of the country) |
| Citizenship pathway | Does not actively provide a direct citizenship pathway | Provides a direct pathway to citizenship |
What to Do if My Visa Application is Rejected?
Your application can be rejected even if you know what exactly is a visa, and have submitted the application. A visa rejection can happen due to several reasons. In case of a visa rejection, you are left with two choices.
- Reapply– Identify the reason for the visa rejection, rectify it, and reapply. The reason for the visa rejection is usually mentioned in the rejection letter.
- Appeal– If the country permits an appeal, you can appeal against the decision taken. That is, only if the visa rejection has been unfair. You have the file an appeal within the specified time provided by the country. The decision taken by the court in these cases would be final.
| Reasons for Visa Rejection |
| Reasons for a student visa rejection |
| Reasons for a work visa rejection |
| Reasons for a US Visa rejection |
To learn how to secure your visa, watch this video:
FAQs
Yes. You need a visa even if you have a passport. A visa is only not required if the destination country has permitted nationals of your country for visa-free travel.
Yes. You need a visa even if you have a passport. A visa is only not required if the destination country has permitted nationals of your country for visa-free travel.
Almost every country in the world requires you to have a visa, However, 16 countries have permitted Indian national visa-free travel. For example, Bhutan, Hong Kong, Maldives, Nepal, and more.
No. You are not permitted to work as a tourist. If you want to work as a tourist while exploring another country you can apply for a working holiday visa. For example, the Australian Working Holiday Visa.
Whether you need a transit visa or not depends on the country you are transiting through to enter a third country (destination). Some countries require you to have a transit visa for layoffs. Other countries only require you to have a transit visa if you step outside the visa. On the other hand, some countries have permitted transit visa exemptions to people from certain nationalities.
The purpose of issuing a visa is to control the flow of people or immigration to a country. Moreover, the introduction of visas has also been done for national security reasons, Moreover, the visa rules are based on fairness. For example, if one countrymakess it hard for people from a certain country to visit, the other country will do the same.
Yes. Visa fee facilities are provided by some countries. Indian nationals are permitted visa-free travel in 16 countries. This includes countries like Nepal, Bhutan, Mauritius, Maldives, and more.
We hope you now understand what exactly is a visa. Want to apply for a Visa for your study abroad journey? Drop us a comment in the section below, or you can connect with a visa expert at Leverage Edu, and we will guide you on your dream journey! Is there any interview for schengen tourist visa
Related Articles ;
45,000+ students realised their study abroad dream with us. Take the first step today.
