How is a Coalition Government Formed?

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How is a Coalition Government Formed

A Coalition Government is a mixture of parties that come together in a Parliament or House to form a Government. So, it explains that a Coalition Government is formed when two or more parties win and agree to work together. Furthermore, this collaboration is done to run a nation. It can happen when no single party has achieved an Absolute Majority. Additionally, it means that no party got more than 50% of the seats on their own. India has seen so many Coalition governments, the most common coalition governments formed in India are the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) and Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP).  

Also Read: What is 7th Schedule of Indian Constitution?

What is the Meaning of Coalition Government?

A Coalition government is a ruling or opposition government, made jointly by different parties who have not backed the Absolute majority of the Parliament or house. Moreover, these Coalition governments can prove to be of great benefit. Since different parties of different ideologies come together, a coalition gives the following a chance.

  • Covers different representations.
  • Increase negotiations.
  • Encourage conflict resolution through compromise. 

Also Read: What is the Difference between National Party and State Party?

What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Coalition Government?

Furthermore, a Coalition Government comes with its own set of Advantages and Disadvantages. To know in detail, scroll through. 

Advantages of Coalition Government Disadvantages of Coalition Government
More consensus-based politicsTendency to be fractious and prone to disharmony
Reflects popular opinion betterComponent parties may not always agree on policy
Requires compromise, leading to broader perspectivesPotential for slower decision-making
Offers representation to diverse ideologiesChallenges in maintaining stability
Encourages negotiation and compromiseCan face challenges in implementing bold reforms
Fosters cooperation among different partiesRisk of internal conflicts affecting governance
Prevents dominance of a single-partyPossibility of coalition collapse leading to instability
Advantages of Disadvantages of Coalition Government

Coalition Government vs Majority Government

The key differences between a Coalition Government and a Majority Government in India are:

CharacteristicCoalition GovernmentMajority Government
CompositionFormed by two or more political parties coming together to form the government.Formed by a single political party that has secured an absolute majority on its own.
StabilityLess stable as it requires constant negotiation and compromise between the coalition partners.More stable as the single party has a clear majority to implement its agenda.
Policy-makingPolicies are the result of negotiations and compromises between the coalition partners.Policies are primarily driven by the agenda of the single ruling party.
DurationCoalition governments in India have tended to be shorter in duration, usually lasting only a few years.Majority governments in India have generally lasted the full 5-year term.
ExamplesUnited Front (1996-1998),
National Democratic Alliance (1998-2004, 2014-present),
United Progressive Alliance (2004-2014)
Broader representation, checks and balances, and political stability in times of crisis
AdvantagesBroader representation, checks and balances, and political stability in times of crisis.Decisive policymaking, clear political mandate, administrative efficiency.
DisadvantagesFrequent political instability, policy paralysis, difficulty in decision-making.Concentration of power, lack of opposition voice, potential for abuse of power.
Coalition Government vs Majority Government

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