What is the Full Form of ICRC? 

The full form of ICRC is International Committee of the Red Cross. ICRC is a humanitarian type of organisation and has won the prestigious Nobel Prize three times. It has received the mandate to protect victims of international and internal armed conflict from the State parties (Signatories) of the 1949 Geneva Convention and its additional protocols of 1977 and 2005. These types of victims are prisoners, refugees, war-wounded persons, civilians and other non-combatants. 

ICRC is a part of various social movements and societies which entails the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and 192 National Societies. 

History of ICRC

Henry Dunant, a businessman from Switzerland, and Gustave Moynier, a lawyer from Switzerland, established the ICRC in Geneva in 1863. The suffering and lack of treatment for injured soldiers on the battlefield during the Battle of Solferino in 1859 served as the impetus for its establishment.

Principles and Distinctive Emblem 

The ICRC bases its operations on a number of core values known as the “Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement Principles.” They consist of humanity, objectivity, impartiality, independence, selflessness, unity, and universality. The ICRC and the broader humanitarian movement are represented by the Red Cross on a white backdrop. During military conflicts, it stands for defence and aid to those in need.

Activities and Services of ICRC

The ICRC offers a variety of services and initiatives, such as:

Protection of Victims: The ICRC makes regular visits to detainees to check on their care and living conditions, assists in reuniting estranged family members, and promotes the effective care of the injured and ill.

Assistance: The group provides impacted populations in conflict zones with humanitarian aid, including food, medicine, and other necessities.

Promotion of IHL: The ICRC works to encourage governments, armed forces, and other relevant institutions to understand and apply international humanitarian law.

Diplomacy: In order to encourage adherence to IHL and find peaceful resolutions to conflicts, the ICRC fosters communication between the parties to a conflict.

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