5+ Types of Comma Used in English Grammar: Explanation with Examples

Each grammar nazi has a different label for commas, however, each one of them will agree on the guidelines for using them. We all know that commas are necessary to assist in organising and making complex sentences easier to grasp, but novice writers may find it challenging to follow certain comma guidelines. Continue reading this blog to learn all about the types of comma and how they can be part of English grammar. 

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What is a Comma?

A comma is a punctuation mark (,) used in writing to indicate a pause or separation within a sentence. It has several functions, such as separating items in a list, joining independent clauses in a compound sentence, setting off introductory elements, and clarifying the meaning of a sentence. Essentially, it helps to organise and structure written language, making it clearer and easier to understand.

Also Read: What is the Use of Commas (,)

5+ Types of Comma Used in English Grammar

Take a look at the types of commas that can be used in the formation of sentences along with their examples. 

1. Listing Comma: Used to separate items in a list.

Example: “She bought apples, oranges, and bananas.”

2. Coordinating Comma: Used to join independent clauses in a compound sentence with a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet).

Example: “She likes to swim, but he prefers to hike.”

3. Introductory Comma: Used after introductory words, phrases, or clauses.

Example: “However, I disagree with your opinion.”

4. Conjunctive Adverb Comma: Used before and after conjunctive adverbs (however, therefore, moreover, consequently, etc.) when they join two independent clauses.

Example: “He didn’t study; therefore, he failed the test.”

5. Appositive Comma: Used to set off nonessential appositive phrases (noun phrases that rename or explain a nearby noun).

Example: “My brother, a doctor, lives in New York.”

6. Serial Comma (Oxford Comma): When you list several items in a sentence they are separated with a comma. The last comma that comes before the and—is optional. This comma is known as the serial or the Oxford Comma.

Example: “I like to eat pizza, pasta, and salad.”

7. Direct Address Comma: Used when directly addressing someone or something.

Example: “Mary, please pass the salt.”

Explore: 11+ Comma Examples and Usage: Rules and Exercise

Uses of Different Types of Comma in Sentences

Here are some more examples of commas which is used in sentences:

1. Separating Items in a List: Example: “I need to buy apples, bananas, and oranges.” 2. Joining Independent Clauses in a Compound Sentence: Example: “She likes to read, but he prefers to watch TV.” 3. Setting off Introductory Elements: Example: “After dinner, we went for a walk.” 4. Clarifying Meaning: Example: “Let’s eat, Grandma!” (Without the comma, it could be misinterpreted as “Let’s eat Grandma!”) 5. Separating Coordinate Adjectives: Example: “She wore a beautiful, elegant dress.” 6. Separating Elements in Dates, Addresses, and Numbers: Example: “She was born on June 12, 1990, in New York, NY.” 7. Direct Address: Example: “John, can you pass me the salt?” 8. In Quotations: Example: He said, “I’ll be there soon.”

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