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CBSE Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions, Sectors of the Indian Economy aim to provide students with insightful solutions. Our subject matter experts have offered simple and accurate answers for the exercises in the economics book of Class 10.
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NCERT CBSE Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy Class 10 Notes (Free PDF)
Exercises
| 1. Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket: (i) Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not) (ii) Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods.(tertiary / agricultural) (iii) Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security.(organised / unorganised) (iv) A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small) (v) Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product.(natural /manufactured) (vi) The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are_________(independent / interdependent) Ans. (i) Employment in the service sector has not increased to the same extent as production. (ii) Workers in the tertiary sector do not produce goods. (iii) Most of the workers in the organised sector enjoy job security. (iv) A large proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (v) Cotton is a natural product and cloth is a manufactured product. (vi) The activities in primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors are interdependent. 2. Choose the most appropriate answer. (a) The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of: (i) employment conditions (ii) the nature of economic activity (iii) ownership of enterprises (iv) number of workers employed in the enterprise a) The sectors are classified into public and private sectors on the basis of:(iii) ownership of enterprises (b) Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _________ sector. (i) primary (ii) secondary (iii) tertiary (iv) information technology (b) Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in primary sector. (i) primary (c) GDP is the total value of _________ produced during a particular year. (i) all goods and services (ii) all final goods and services (iii) all intermediate goods and services (iv) all intermediate and final goods and services c) GDP is the total value of all final goods and services produced during a particular year.(ii) all final goods and services (d) In terms of GDP the share of the tertiary sector in 2013-14 was between_________ percent. (i) 20 to 30 (ii) 30 to 40 (iii) 50 to 60 (iv) 60 to 70 (d) In terms of GDP the share of the tertiary sector in 2013-14 is between (ii) 30 to 40 per cent. |
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3. Match the following:
| Problems faced by farming sector | Some possible measures |
| 1. Unirrigated land | (a) Setting up agro-based mills |
| 2. Low prices for crops | (b) Cooperative marketing societies |
| 3. Debt burden | (c) Procurement of food grains by government |
| 4. No job in the off season | (d) Construction of canals by the government |
| 5. Compelled to sell their grains to | e) Banks to provide credit with low interest |
Ans.
| No job in the off-season | (d) Construction of canals by the government |
| Low prices for crops | (b) Cooperative marketing societies |
| Debt burden | (e) Banks to provide credit with low interest |
| No job in the off season | (a) Setting up agro-based mills |
| Compelled to sell their grains to the local traders soon after harvest | (c) Procurement of food grains by government |
| 4. Find the odd one out and say why. (i) Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter (ii) Teacher, doctor, vegetable vendor, lawyer (iii) Postman, cobbler, soldier, police constable (iv) MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, Jet Airways, All India Radio Ans. (i) Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter – Potter (The others are services while a potter is involved in manufacturing) (ii) Teacher, doctor, vegetable vendor, lawyer – Vegetable vendor (The others are professionals requiring formal education) (iii) Postman, cobbler, soldier, police constable – Soldier (The others are occupations related to services directly within the community.) (iv) MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, Jet Airways, All India Radio – MTNL (It is a telecommunications company, while others are transportation or broadcasting services) |
| 5. Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary is useful? Explain how. Ans. Yes, the classification is useful as it helps in understanding the economic structure and development of a country. It provides insights into the contribution of different sectors to GDP, employment patterns, and dependency on natural resources versus human capital and technology. 6. For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter, why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues that should be examined? Discuss. Ans. One should focus on employment and GDP to gauge the economic health and development of a country. Other issues could include income inequality, environmental sustainability, social welfare indicators, and quality of life. 7. Make a long list of all kinds of work that you find adults around you doing for a living. In what way can you classify them? Explain your choice. Asn. This will depend on personal observations and the context of the area. Examples could include: – Teachers, doctors, engineers (Tertiary sector – services) – Farmers, miners, fishermen (Primary sector – extraction) – Factory workers, artisans, construction workers (Secondary sector – manufacturing) – Classification is based on whether the work involves the direct production of goods (primary and secondary sectors) or the provision of services (tertiary sector). 8. How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few Examples. Ans. The tertiary sector involves providing services rather than producing goods. Examples include banking, healthcare, education, tourism, and IT services. Unlike the primary and secondary sectors, which involve physical production or extraction, the tertiary sector focuses on intangible services that cater to various needs of society. 9. What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas. Ans. Disguised unemployment refers to a situation where more people are engaged in an activity than actually required. Their marginal productivity is zero or negligible. An example from rural areas could be where a large number of people work on a small farm where fewer workers can accomplish the same tasks. In urban areas, this could be seen in informal sector jobs where several people work in small businesses where the workload could be handled by fewer workers. 10. Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment. Ans. Open unemployment refers to a situation where people are willing to work at the prevailing wage rates but are unable to find jobs. Disguised unemployment, on the other hand, refers to a situation where people appear to be employed but their contribution to the workforce is minimal or redundant. 11. “Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of the Indian economy.” Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer. Ans. No, I do not agree. The tertiary sector in India has shown substantial growth and contributes significantly to GDP and employment. It has absorbed surplus labor from the primary and secondary sectors, contributed to foreign exchange earnings through tourism and IT services, and improved social indicators through healthcare and education services. |
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