What is the Full form of VPI? 

The full form of VPI is Virtual Path Identifier. An asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cell packet’s network path to its target node is uniquely defined by the VPI, a data transmission identification. It is a method for sending data in discrete chunks.

How VPI formed

Each ATM cell packet contains VPIs, which are 8 to 16-bit numeric headers.

In this context, the term “transmission path” refers to the optical fiber that carries high-speed data. Hierarchical routing is made possible by dividing the virtual connection identification into two parts, the virtual path identifier (VPI) and the virtual circuit identifier (VCI). In a normal ATM network, the majority of switches are routed using VPIs.

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Functioning of VPI 

When connecting two endpoints of a transmission path or fibre, a virtual path and a virtual circuit are utilised. There could be a lot of virtual paths on the actual fibre. A link that joins two switches is referred to as a virtual path. Cell networks are supported by virtual circuits. The virtual circuits used by cells in a single message are the same. Media bandwidth is utilised via a variety of virtual routes. Each VP has a bandwidth of B/N if the media bandwidth is B and there are N VPs in use. Virtual channels are further separated into each virtual path. The VP is determined by VPI for each unique user and their consumption.

What is a Virtual Path

The ATM header effectively divides the communication route’s bandwidth into a number of virtual channels utilising their VPIs. An assigned amount of bandwidth is allocated to each VP.

Characteristics 

• The quality of data connections and bandwidth options have significantly improved with the introduction of optical fibres and virtual path identities.
• These are defined by usage and parameter specifications, which standardise the process.
• For unbroken communication, switching and semi-permanent virtual connections are provided.

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Application 

• It is used to link end users.
• It manages data and signals from end-user to end-user.
• It also detects use between end-users and network entities.

Advantages 

• It minimises network design complexity, resulting in a simpler network.
• The network’s consistency and performance have both increased.
• It reduces setup times and the processing of minor connections.

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