What is the Full Form of GSM?

The full form of GSM is Global System for Mobile Communication. The ETSI (European Telecommunication Standards Institute) developed GSM to demonstrate protocols for 2G networks. It acted as a replacement for 1G cellular networks. It is used widely in Europe and across the globe.

GSM tamps the data, then sends it down a channel with two other streams of user data, each in its specific time slot. It controls the 900 megahertz (MHz) or 1,800 MHz frequency band. Read on to know more about GMS.

Types of GSM

The GSM is divided into three major systems, which are as follows:

• Switching system (SS)
• Base station system (BSS)
• Operation and support system (OSS)

How Does GSM Work?

GSM uses a cellular network, indicating that cell phones are connected to it by searching for cells in the immediate domain. A GSM Network contains five different types of cells.

• Macro
• Micro
• Pico
• Femto
• Umbrella cells

Pros of GSM

Here are the advantages of using a GSM Network:

• It is cost-effective as we get low-cost mobile sets and base stations
• It improves spectrum productivity
• It offers top-notch data and voice services
• It is compatible with ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)

Cons of GSM

Here are the disadvantages of using a GSM network:

• It shares the same bandwidth hence the transmission may run into interferences
• It requires repeaters to increase the coverage
• It has fixed maximum call sites range i.e. up to 35 km only
• It does not offer user privacy as there is no end-to-end encryption of user data
• Its usage increases electromagnetic radiation

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