The Government Vocabulary for IELTS consists of words and phrases related to the word ‘Government’. The International English Language Testing System, popularly known as the IELTS test, consist of four sections, which test a candidate’s proficiency in the English language.
The IELTS Vocabulary measures the candidate’s knowledge of words and phrases asked on the test. IELTS Vocabulary is part of the Writing section, which has a weightage of 25% of the entire test. In this article, we are going to provide you with the frequently asked government vocabulary for the IELTS test.
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Best Government Vocabulary for IELTS
Best Governmentt Vocabulary for IELTS gives you the most useful and common words related to governance. These words often appear in IELTS writing and speaking tasks when discussing laws, services, and public policies.
Word | Dishonest behaviour by officials | Example Sentence |
Administration | The management of public affairs | The new administration introduced several reforms. |
Authority | Power or right to give orders | The authorities imposed strict laws. |
Autonomy | Self-governing state or region | Some regions demand more autonomy from the central government. |
Ballot | A system of voting | Citizens cast their ballots during the general elections. |
Bill | A proposed law | Parliament passed the bill after much debate. |
Bureaucracy | Government system with many departments | Too much bureaucracy delays decisions. |
Campaign | Organised effort for a political cause | She led a successful election campaign. |
Censorship | Control of what people read or hear | Censorship limits freedom of expression. |
Coalition | Temporary alliance for combined action | The party formed a coalition to gain power. |
Constitution | Moving to a country to live | The constitution guarantees freedom of speech. |
Corruption | A set of basic laws for a country | Corruption weakens public trust in government. |
Council | A group of people elected to make decisions | The city council approved new plans. |
Debate | Formal discussion on a topic | The policy sparked intense debate. |
Democracy | Government by the people | Democracy allows citizens to choose leaders. |
Dictatorship | Rule by one person with total power | A dictatorship often lacks freedom of speech. |
Election | Process of choosing representatives | The country held a national election last year. |
Federal | System of national and regional governments | The federal government handles foreign policy. |
Governance | The way a country is managed | Good governance ensures development and stability. |
Grant | Official funding for a purpose | The school received a government grant. |
Implementation | Putting plans into action | Policy implementation took months. |
Immigration | Moving into a country to live | Immigration laws have recently changed. |
Independence | Freedom from control | The country gained independence in 1947. |
Initiative | A new plan or action | The health initiative improved rural care. |
Judiciary | System of courts | The judiciary interprets the law. |
Jurisdiction | Legal power to make decisions | The court had no jurisdiction in that area. |
Legislation | Law-making process | New legislation was passed last month. |
Legislature | Law-making body | The legislature meets twice a year. |
Lobby | To influence decision-makers | Activists lobbied for climate laws. |
Manifesto | Public declaration of policies | The party published its election manifesto. |
Mayor | Head of a city or town | The mayor promised better public services. |
Ministry | Government department | The Ministry of Health issued guidelines. |
Motion | Proposal put forward for debate | The motion was rejected by the parliament. |
Opposition | Political party not in power | The opposition criticized the new policy. |
Parliament | Law-making national body | The parliament debated for hours. |
Policy | Plan of action by government | The new policy focuses on education. |
Political Party | Group aiming to gain political power | Each political party has its own goals. |
President | Head of a republic | The president addressed the nation. |
Prime Minister | Head of government | The Prime Minister introduced reforms. |
Privatisation | Transfer from public to private | The privatisation of banks raised concerns. |
Public Sector | Part of the economy controlled by government | Teachers work in the public sector. |
Recession | Economic decline | The government acted to fight the recession. |
Referendum | Public vote on a single issue | A referendum was held on independence. |
Regulation | Official rule or law | New regulations protect online data. |
Republic | Government without a monarchy | India is a republic with elected leaders. |
Rights | Legal or moral entitlements | Citizens have rights like free speech. |
Sanctions | Penalties imposed by governments | Sanctions were applied to discourage violence. |
Sovereignty | Supreme power or authority | The country maintained its sovereignty. |
Subsidy | Financial support from government | Farmers received a fuel subsidy. |
Taxation | Money collected by government | Taxation funds schools and roads. |
Transparency | Openness in government activities | Transparency builds public trust in leadership. |
Must Read: Describe a Traditional Product in Your Country: IELTS Speaking Topic
Government Idioms and Phrases
It’s not sufficient to just understand the words and their meanings. Candidates must also have a proper understanding of the idioms and phrases related to the given words. Idioms and phrases related to the word ‘Government’ are often included in the IELTS Speaking and Writing section. Candidates need to learn and ensure that they can phrase a sentence related to the phrases asked in the exam. Check the table below to understand some of the most popular phrases related to ‘Government’ and their use in sentences.
Word | Meaning | Example Sentence |
Act | A written law passed by parliament | The Act was implemented to improve education standards. |
Administration | The group of people who manage the government | The new administration introduced major policy changes. |
Ambassador | A person who represents their country abroad | The ambassador discussed trade ties with the host country. |
Autonomy | Self-governing status | The region demanded autonomy from the central government. |
Ballot | A method of voting | Citizens cast their votes using a ballot. |
Bill | A proposed law | The bill was debated in the House of Commons. |
Bureaucracy | A system of government with many departments | Excessive bureaucracy can slow down progress. |
Cabinet | Senior government ministers responsible for policy | The Prime Minister reshuffled the cabinet. |
Campaign | Organised effort to influence decision-making | The political campaign focused on economic reforms. |
Censorship | Control of information and media | Strict censorship limited freedom of speech. |
Coalition | Temporary alliance between political parties | A coalition was formed to gain a majority. |
Compulsory voting | Mandatory participation in elections | Compulsory voting ensures higher turnout. |
Constituency | The area represented by an elected official | The MP visited her constituency regularly. |
Constitution | A set of fundamental laws | The country adopted a new constitution in 2020. |
Corruption | Dishonest conduct by officials | The public protested against political corruption. |
Council | A group elected to manage local affairs | The city council improved transportation facilities. |
Debate | A formal discussion on issues | The candidates held a televised debate. |
Decree | An official order | The government issued a decree to control inflation. |
Democracy | A system of government by the people | Democracy allows citizens to choose their leaders. |
Diplomat | A person handling international relations | The diplomat helped resolve the border dispute. |
Dispute | A disagreement or conflict | A dispute arose over trade agreements. |
Election | Process of choosing representatives | The election results were announced last night. |
Executive | The branch of government enforcing laws | The executive made swift decisions during the crisis. |
Federal | Related to a system of shared governance | The U.S. follows a federal system of government. |
Governance | The act of governing | Good governance improves public trust. |
Grant | Official permission or funding | The state received a grant to build schools. |
House of Representatives | Legislative body in many countries | The House of Representatives passed the bill. |
Ideology | A system of beliefs or ideas | The party follows a liberal ideology. |
Impeachment | The process of removing a public official | The president faced impeachment for corruption. |
Judiciary | The court system | The judiciary ensures laws are applied fairly. |
Law | A rule enforced by authority | Breaking the law has legal consequences. |
Legislation | Laws passed by a legislature | New legislation was introduced for climate action. |
Legislature | A law-making body | The legislature discussed education reform. |
Majority | More than half of votes | The party gained a majority in parliament. |
Manifesto | A public declaration of policies | The party’s manifesto promised healthcare reforms. |
Minister | A head of a government department | The Minister of Finance announced the new budget. |
Monarchy | A system ruled by a king or queen | The UK is a constitutional monarchy. |
Negotiation | Formal discussion to reach an agreement | Negotiation led to a peaceful resolution. |
Opposition | Political parties not in power | The opposition criticised the budget cuts. |
Parliament | The supreme legislative body | The parliament debated the new tax law. |
Petition | A formal request signed by many | A petition was submitted for better healthcare. |
Policy | A plan of action by a government | The government introduced a green energy policy. |
Prime Minister | Head of government in many countries | The Prime Minister addressed the nation. |
Reform | A change to improve something | Education reform was a major election issue. |
Regulation | A rule made by an authority | New safety regulations were implemented. |
Republic | A state without a monarch | India is the world’s largest republic. |
Sanction | A penalty for disobeying a law | Trade sanctions were imposed on the country. |
Senate | A legislative body, often upper house | The Senate rejected the controversial bill. |
State | A nation or territory with a government | The state implemented free school programs. |
Veto | The power to reject a decision | The president used his veto to block the bill. |
Advanced Government Vocabulary for Band 7+
To reach Band 7 or higher, you need to go beyond basic terms. This advanced List of Government Vocabulary for IELTS includes formal and academic words that show depth in your language skills, perfect for essays and discussions on complex government topics.
Word | Meaning | Example Sentence |
Accountability | Responsibility for actions or decisions | Government officials must maintain accountability to gain public trust. |
Amendment | A formal change to a law or policy | The parliament passed an amendment to the education bill. |
Austerity | Strict economic policies to reduce spending | The government introduced austerity measures to manage the budget deficit. |
Bipartisan | Supported by two major political parties | The reforms received bipartisan support in the legislature. |
Centralisation | Concentration of control under a central authority | Critics argue that too much centralisation weakens local governance. |
Constituency | A body of voters in a particular area | The MP visited her constituency to discuss local issues. |
Decentralisation | Distribution of authority from central to local | Decentralisation helps improve efficiency in governance. |
Deliberation | Careful discussion before making a decision | The law was passed after much deliberation. |
Diplomacy | Managing international relations | Skilled diplomacy helped avoid a trade conflict. |
Disenfranchise | To deny voting rights | Some laws disenfranchise prisoners from elections. |
Electorate | All people eligible to vote | The electorate turned out in large numbers this year. |
Federalism | A system with shared power between national and regional governments | Federalism allows states to manage their own education policies. |
Gerrymandering | Manipulating district boundaries for political gain | The party was accused of gerrymandering to win more seats. |
Incumbent | The current office holder | The incumbent president is running for re-election. |
Intervention | Government involvement in social or economic affairs | State intervention helped stabilize the housing market. |
Urisprudence | The theory or philosophy of law | Students of law study jurisprudence to understand legal systems. |
Legitimacy | Lawful and accepted authority | Elections are vital for the legitimacy of any government. |
Mandate | Official order or authority to act | The new leader claimed a strong mandate from the public. |
Mediation | Intervention to resolve disputes | The UN offered mediation between the two countries. |
Oligarchy | Rule by a small, powerful group | The country transitioned from oligarchy to democracy. |
Partisan | Strongly supporting a political party | The news outlet was accused of being partisan. |
Plebiscite | A direct vote by citizens on an issue | A plebiscite was held to decide on independence. |
Populism | Political ideas aiming to appeal to ordinary people | Populism has grown in response to economic inequality. |
Quorum | Minimum number needed for a meeting | The vote was delayed due to lack of quorum. |
Ratification | Formal approval of a decision or treaty | Parliament’s ratification of the agreement was unanimous. |
Repeal | To officially cancel a law | The law was repealed after public protests. |
Secularism | Separation of religion from state affairs | Secularism ensures all religions are treated equally. |
Suffrage | The right to vote in elections | Women’s suffrage was achieved after years of struggle. |
Technocracy | Government by technical experts | A technocracy was suggested to solve the economic crisis. |
Unilateral | Done by one side without agreement | The country took unilateral action without consulting allies. |
List of Government Politics Vocabulary
Government and politics often overlap in IELTS questions. This List of Government Vocabulary for IELTS focuses on political terms, parties, elections, and decision-making processes to help you express opinions clearly in both the writing and speaking parts of the test.
Word | Meaning | Example Sentence |
Act | A written law passed by parliament | The Act was implemented to improve education standards. |
Administration | The group of people who manage the government | The new administration introduced major policy changes. |
Ambassador | A person who represents their country abroad | The ambassador discussed trade ties with the host country. |
Autonomy | Self-governing status | The region demanded autonomy from the central government. |
Ballot | A method of voting | Citizens cast their votes using a ballot. |
Bill | A proposed law | The bill was debated in the House of Commons. |
Bureaucracy | A system of government with many departments | Excessive bureaucracy can slow down progress. |
Cabinet | Senior government ministers responsible for policy | The Prime Minister reshuffled the cabinet. |
Campaign | Organised effort to influence decision-making | The political campaign focused on economic reforms. |
Censorship | Control of information and media | Strict censorship limited freedom of speech. |
Coalition | Temporary alliance between political parties | A coalition was formed to gain a majority. |
Compulsory voting | Mandatory participation in elections | Compulsory voting ensures higher turnout. |
Constituency | The area represented by an elected official | The MP visited her constituency regularly. |
Constitution | A set of fundamental laws | The country adopted a new constitution in 2020. |
Corruption | Dishonest conduct by officials | The public protested against political corruption. |
Council | A group elected to manage local affairs | The city council improved transportation facilities. |
Debate | A formal discussion on issues | The candidates held a televised debate. |
Decree | An official order | The government issued a decree to control inflation. |
Democracy | A system of government by the people | Democracy allows citizens to choose their leaders. |
Diplomat | A person handling international relations | The diplomat helped resolve the border dispute. |
Dispute | A disagreement or conflict | A dispute arose over trade agreements. |
Election | Process of choosing representatives | The election results were announced last night. |
Executive | The branch of government enforcing laws | The executive made swift decisions during the crisis. |
Federal | Related to a system of shared governance | The U.S. follows a federal system of government. |
Governance | The act of governing | Good governance improves public trust. |
Grant | Official permission or funding | The state received a grant to build schools. |
House of Representatives | Legislative body in many countries | The House of Representatives passed the bill. |
Ideology | A system of beliefs or ideas | The party follows a liberal ideology. |
Impeachment | The process of removing a public official | The president faced impeachment for corruption. |
Judiciary | The court system | The judiciary ensures laws are applied fairly. |
Law | A rule enforced by authority | Breaking the law has legal consequences. |
Legislation | Laws passed by a legislature | New legislation was introduced for climate action. |
Legislature | A law-making body | The legislature discussed education reform. |
Majority | More than half of votes | The party gained a majority in parliament. |
Manifesto | A public declaration of policies | The party’s manifesto promised healthcare reforms. |
Minister | A head of a government department | The Minister of Finance announced the new budget. |
Monarchy | A system ruled by a king or queen | The UK is a constitutional monarchy. |
Negotiation | Formal discussion to reach an agreement | Negotiation led to a peaceful resolution. |
Opposition | Political parties not in power | The opposition criticised the budget cuts. |
Parliament | The supreme legislative body | The parliament debated the new tax law. |
Petition | A formal request signed by many | A petition was submitted for better healthcare. |
Policy | A plan of action by a government | The government introduced a green energy policy. |
Prime Minister | Head of government in many countries | The Prime Minister addressed the nation. |
Reform | A change to improve something | Education reform was a major election issue. |
Regulation | A rule made by an authority | New safety regulations were implemented. |
Republic | A state without a monarch | India is the world’s largest republic. |
Sanction | A penalty for disobeying a law | Trade sanctions were imposed on the country. |
Senate | A legislative body, often upper house | The Senate rejected the controversial bill. |
State | A nation or territory with a government | The state implemented free school programs. |
Veto | The power to reject a decision | The president used his veto to block the bill. |
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