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Indian law lay a lot of emphasis on education as depicted in The Right to Education Act, 2009 which focuses on ways to make education accessible to all students. According to the 2020 New Education Policy (NEP), education is now compulsory for children of 3-18 years which was previously for 6-14 years of age. There are many types of schools in India that students and parents can choose according to their preferences, feasibility and convenience. Read on to know more about the different types of schools in India.
Table of Contents
Also Read: Top 10 CBSE schools in India
Indian Education System
There are four levels of education in India – Pre-primary, Primary, Elementary and Secondary education. The details of the Indian education structure are as follows-
- Pre-School – Pre-school education is not compulsory for children although if they are provided that then it can help to build a good foundation for children for further education. The Montessori system of education is popular at this level as it helps in the holistic development of children by nurturing their individual qualities.
- Play Schools – These types of schools in India cater to children who are of age 18 months – 3 years.
- Kindergarten – Kindergarten classes are divided into lower KG and Upper KG. Lower KG is meant for 3-4 years old whereas upper KG is meant for children between 4-5 years old.
- Primary School – Primary school is from first to fifth class wherein students enrolled are from 6-10 years of age. Here they are imparted with basics of different subjects that help them to become proficient in further classes.
- Middle School- Middle school includes classes from fifth to eighth standard. Here are students from 11-14 years of age. Children in these classes move from learning basics to a little higher level of concepts of subjects.
- Secondary School- This level of education includes classes from ninth to tenth standard. Students are from 14-16 years of age. They get to learn higher-level concepts and get to make decisions for themselves about which subjects to take in further classes according to their interest areas.
- Senior Secondary- Senior secondary level of education includes classes 11th-12th. Students get to study subjects of their choice and get an opportunity to make up a decision about which course to pursue after their 12th class.
- Undergraduate– Undergraduate degree is of typically 3-4 years. Students here choose a particular subject and spend 3-4 years in its detailed study to excel in that subject and gain deep knowledge of it.
- Postgraduate- Postgraduate degree is generally of 2 years. Getting a postgraduate degree can open up a door for a lot of career opportunities for a student and increase their chances of earning more.
Also Read : Current Education System in India
Types of Schools in India
Education is very important when it comes to preparing a child for life. To make sure children are not deprived of this necessity and are able to access it easily, there are many types of schools established in India.
Government Schools
As per the data released by the ministry of education 65.2% of all school students go to government schools due to its feasibility. The government of India finances and oversees the majority of schools. However, the public education system suffers significant difficulties, such as a lack of proper infrastructure, inadequate budget, a staffing shortage, and limited resources for buildings.
There are many government-run school systems in India as Indian Army Public Schools managed by the Indian army for the children of soldiers, Kendriya Vidyalaya in Urban areas, Jawahar Navodya Vidyalaya for the gifted students, Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya, especially for girls belonging to castes like SC, ST and OBC.
Kendriya Vidyalaya schools were specially established for the children of employees of the Central Government of India. This was done to ensure students are able to study the same syllabus and at the same pace irrespective of the transfer of their parents to any location in the country.
Central Government Schools
The Central Government schools are funded and run by the Central Government. The curriculum of these schools is set by the central government. In the urban area, Kendriya Vidyalaya (KV) are the central government schools and in the rural area, Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya are the central government school. And Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya are for girls.
State Government Schools
The State Government schools are funded and run by the state government. The state board of education is mainly followed by the state government schools and their curriculum is set by the state government. Rajkiya Vidyalaya, Pratibha Vidyalaya, Sarvodaya Bal Vidyalaya, etc are the popular state government schools.
Private Schools
Indian parents desire to enrol their children in private schools because a large number of government schools do not offer an appropriate education. Some foreigners decide to enrol their kids in private Indian schools.
According to the latest data, 29% of Indian students go to private schools. The percentage of students going to private schools in urban areas is a lot higher as it is estimated that more than 50% of children are privately educated. In rural areas too the percentage of children going to private schools is around 20%.
International Schools
All large cities have international schools. Children from outside and those from India attend them due to the quality of the education that is aligned with global standards. International Schools Consultancy, in 2015 estimated that India has around 410 international schools.
According to International Schools Consultancy International schools are those schools which impart curriculum in the English language outside a country whose native language is English and the curriculum is international in its origin. This definition of international schools by ISC is used by many famous publications which also include The Economist.
National Open Schools
According to estimates around 1.4 million students are enrolled in open schools at the secondary and higher secondary level of education.
The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) and Board of Open Schooling and Skill education, Sikkim (BOSSE) help students to complete their education. These types of schools in India provide education up to the upper secondary level for children whose official education has been stopped and who are unable to finish it.
Special-Needs Schools
Meant for physically and mentally challenged students, these schools provide vocational training and informal education to children who are unable to attend proper schools. Going by the law of India to make education accessible to every child there are more than 3000 special needs schools running across the country.
Also Read: Career Options after 12th
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FAQs
Ans. There are many types of schools in India that students and parents can choose according to their convenience and preferences. Following are the types of schools in India-
International Education
Open and distance learning
Home-schooling
International schools
Private Schools (unaided by the government)
Government-aided private schools
Government schools
Ans. Common school system or CSS is a system which focuses on providing quality education to children without giving importance to economic condition, social status, physical ability, caste, creed, gender, community, language or mental ability.
Ans. A school that follows the Montessori method of education is the best as it focuses on the holistic development of students. It lays emphasis on child-centric learning that entails activities based on student’s individual interests, wholesome learning and collaborative exercises.
Ans. The Doon School in Dehradun is considered no.1 in India. It is an all-boys school which focuses on providing wholesome education to children. It focuses on making students gain knowledge of different areas and preparing them for a brighter future.
Ans. St. George’s Anglo-Indian higher secondary school is India’s oldest school and also amongst the oldest schools in the world. It focuses on imparting best of the education to children from different social and cultural backgrounds.
Although there are many types of schools in India each one has them a similar goal of imparting best of the education to the children to nurture the leader inside them. All the types of schools in India focus highly on academic subjects to help students gain knowledge in different fields.
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