The University of California, Berkley has been in operation since the year 1868 and is the premier university of all the 9 research universities under the University of California. The university has two of the most prominent research institutes namely the Space Sciences Laboratory and Mathematical Sciences Research Institute. The university has helped create benchmarks since the time it was established as 16 chemical elements of the periodic table have been discovered by the researchers of this university. This university includes few short term undergraduate programs such as the International Diploma Program, Evening Certificate Program and College foundations Program. The university accommodates 42,519 students in total, among which 30,853 are undergraduates and 11,666 are postgraduates. Berkley's theme color is blue and gold. Blue denotes the Yale students who have founded the university with other notable personalities where gold denotes the Golden State of California. The college offers a total number of 160 undergraduate programs and students are free to choose their own field as per their interest. Other than the mainstream undergraduate programs, the university also offers various research programs. Apart from its curriculum, the students are active participators in many movements, including protest for Freedom of Speech, Anti-Vietnam war protests, affirmation against discrimination on grounds of race in South Africa.