Which is a federal division of power?

A federal division of power refers to the way authority and responsibilities are constitutionally distributed between different levels of government in a federal system. In most federations, power is divided between:

• the central (national or federal) government, and
• constituent political units (such as states, provinces, or regions).

This structure ensures that each level of government has autonomy in its sphere of influence.

For example: The United States is a classic example of federalism, where the Constitution divides powers between the federal government and the individual states.

Key Features of a Federal Division of Power

Here’s a table outlining how powers are typically divided in federal systems:

Level of Government	Type of Powers	Examples of Responsibilities
Federal (National)	Enumerated/Exclusive Powers	Defense, foreign policy, currency, immigration
State/Provincial	Reserved Powers	Education, police powers, local transportation
Shared (Concurrent)	Concurrent Powers	Taxation, environmental regulations, healthcare

Constitutional Basis

In federal systems, the division of power is usually written into a constitution to avoid overlapping authority and legal confusion. For instance:

• In the U.S., the Tenth Amendment reserves powers not delegated to the federal government for the states.
• In Australia, Sections 51 and 52 of the Constitution outline federal legislative powers.

Why Is This Important?

• Promotes local self-governance and autonomy
• Helps manage large, diverse populations
• Provides a system of checks and balances
• Reduces the risk of centralized tyranny

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