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Solutions for NCERT Notes of Chapter 2 History Class 10 ¨Nationalism in India¨ aims to provide students with insightful solutions. Our subject matter experts have offered simple and accurate answers for the exercises in the history book ¨India and the Contemporary World-II.¨
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Check out CBSE Class 10 History Class 10 Chapter 2 Solutions Nationalism in India
Important Questions and Answers of NCERT Notes of Chapter 2 History Class 10 ¨Rise of Nationalism in Europe¨
Let us look at Solutions for NCERT Notes of Chapter 2 History Class 10 ¨Rise of Nationalism in India within the lesson. Our subject experts have answered these questions accurately and per the latest CBSE guidelines.
| Question 1. When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India and introduce Satyagraha? Answer. Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in January 1915 and introduced the concept of Satyagraha, emphasizing non-violent resistance and the pursuit of truth. Question 2. What significant event did Gandhi lead in Champaran in 1917? Answer. In 1917, Gandhi led a movement in Champaran, Bihar, to support peasants against the oppressive plantation system, marking his active involvement in India’s struggle for independence. Question 3. What was the Rowlatt Act, and how did Gandhi respond to it in 1919? Answer. The Rowlatt Act of 1919 gave the British government powers to repress political activities. Gandhi launched a nationwide satyagraha in response, protesting against the repressive measures. Question 4. Describe the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and its impact on the independence movement. Answer. On April 13, 1919, General Dyer ordered troops to fire on a peaceful gathering at Jallianwala Bagh, killing hundreds. This massacre intensified the anti-colonial movement and galvanized Indian resistance against British rule. Question 5. What were the main strategies of the Non-Cooperation Movement launched in 1920? Answer. The Non-Cooperation Movement, launched in 1920, involved boycotting British institutions, titles, and goods, aiming to undermine British authority and promote self-reliance. Question 6. What economic impact did the Non-Cooperation Movement have on foreign goods? Answer. The movement significantly reduced the import of foreign cloth, halving it from Rs 102 crore to Rs 57 crore between 1921 and 1922, and boosted the production of Indian textile mills and handlooms. Question 7. Why did the Non-Cooperation Movement slow down in urban areas? Answer: The movement slowed down because khadi cloth was more expensive than mill cloth, making it unaffordable for the poor, and there were insufficient alternative Indian institutions to replace British ones, leading people to return to government schools and courts. Question 8. What led to the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922? Answer. Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 after violent clashes in Chauri Chaura, as he was committed to non-violence and could not support the violent turn of events. Question 9. How did different social groups participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement? Answer. Various social groups participated, including the urban middle class, peasants, tribals, industrial workers, and women, each contributing in their own ways, such as boycotting institutions, protesting against landlords, and joining strikes. Question 10. What were the key outcomes of the Non-Cooperation Movement? Answer. The movement galvanized nationwide support for independence, highlighted the power of collective action, and set the stage for future campaigns like the Civil Disobedience Movement, despite facing challenges and eventual suspension due to internal and external pressures. |
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Answer the following questions of Solutions for NCERT Notes of Chapter 2 History Class 10 ¨Rise of Nationalism in India within the lesson.
| 1. Explain: a) Why is the growth of nationalism in the colonies linked to an anti-colonial movement? Ans. Nationalism in colonial contexts often emerges as a response to oppressive colonial rule. The colonies’ struggle for independence becomes intertwined with anti-colonial sentiments, as nationalists seek to assert their cultural, political, and economic autonomy against foreign domination. b) How the First World War helped in the growth of the National Movement in India. Ans. The First World War provided an opportunity for the growth of the National Movement in India due to several factors. Indian soldiers’ participation in the war raised awareness and aspirations for self-rule. Additionally, the war’s economic strain on Britain highlighted India’s contributions and grievances, leading to increased discontent and demands for independence. c) Why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act. Ans. Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act because it severely curtailed civil liberties and imposed draconian measures, such as allowing indefinite detention without trial. The Act was seen as a betrayal of promises made during World War I for greater self-governance, leading to widespread protests and fueling the nationalist movement. d) Why Gandhiji decided to withdraw from the Non-Cooperation Movement. Ans. Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement following the Chauri Chaura incident, where protesters turned violent and attacked police officers. Gandhi was committed to non-violence, and felt that the movement’s continuation would tarnish the principle of satyagraha and undermine the larger struggle for independence. 2. What is meant by the idea of satyagraha? Ans. Satyagraha is a concept coined by Mahatma Gandhi which refers to the practice of non-violent resistance or civil disobedience as a means of achieving social and political change. It emphasizes the power of truth and moral force to confront injustice, oppression, and tyranny, advocating for peaceful protest and passive resistance against unjust laws or systems. 3. Write a newspaper report on: a) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre b) The Simon Commission Ans. a) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which occurred on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab, saw British troops under General Dyer open fire on unarmed civilians gathered for a peaceful protest, resulting in hundreds of deaths and injuries. The indiscriminate violence shocked the nation and sparked outrage, leading to widespread condemnation of British rule and demands for independence. b) The Simon Commission The Simon Commission, appointed by the British government in 1927 to assess India’s readiness for self-governance, faced vehement opposition from Indian leaders and citizens due to its all-British composition and lack of Indian representation. Protests erupted across the country against the Commission’s undemocratic nature and its disregard for Indian aspirations, further fueling nationalist sentiments. 4. Compare the images of Bharat Mata in this chapter with the image of Germaniain Chapter 1. Ans. Both images of Bharat Mata with the image of Germanis in Chapter 1 symbolize national personifications, representing the spirit and identity of their respective nations. While Bharat Mata embodies India’s cultural and spiritual heritage, emphasizing unity in diversity, Germania represents Germany’s martial prowess and aspirations for unity and strength. However, Bharat Mata’s depiction often highlights peace and non-violence, contrasting with Germany’s militaristic imagery associated with Germany’s historical militarism. |
Also Read: NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 English Honeydew Chapter 5: The Summit Within (Free PDF)
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| 1. List all the different social groups which joined the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921. Then choose any three and write about their hopes and struggles to show why they joined the movement. Ans. Different Social Groups in the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921: Various social groups participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921, including – Urban Middle Class – Peasants – Industrial Workers – Students – Women – Lawyers – Business Owners The three social groups and their hopes and struggles includes the following: a) Peasants: Peasants hoped to raise oppressive practices by landlords and reduce the burden of high rents and taxes. They struggled against exploitative land tenure systems and sought land reforms to improve their economic conditions. Joining the movement offered them hope for land redistribution and greater autonomy over agricultural resources. b) Industrial Workers: Industrial workers aimed to improve working conditions, secure better wages, and gain recognition for their labor rights. They faced harsh working conditions, low wages, and a lack of job security under British-controlled industries. Joining the movement provided them with a platform to demand fair treatment, collective bargaining, and improved livelihoods. c) Students: Students aspired for educational reforms, freedom of expression, and opportunities for political participation. They struggled against colonial educational policies that favoured a British-centric curriculum and limited access to quality education for Indians. Joining the movement allowed them to advocate for educational autonomy, cultural revival, and the right to dissent against oppressive policies. 2. Discuss the Salt March to make clear why it was an effective symbol of resistance against colonialism. Ans. The Salt March, led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930, was a powerful symbol of resistance against colonialism due to several reasons: Symbolism: The act of making salt from seawater violated British salt laws, symbolizing defiance against unjust colonial regulations. Mass Participation: The march garnered widespread attention and participation from people across India, transcending regional and social barriers, and showcasing unity in the struggle against colonial oppression. Non-Violence: Gandhi’s adherence to non-violent resistance showcased the moral superiority of the Indian nationalist movement, garnering international support and sympathy for India’s cause. Civil Disobedience: The Salt March ignited a nationwide civil disobedience campaign, inspiring people to peacefully resist colonial authority and assert their right to self-governance. 3. Imagine you are a woman participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement. Explain what the experience meant to your life. Ans. As a woman participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement, the experience was transformative and empowering. It meant stepping out of traditional gender roles and actively participating in the struggle for independence. Despite facing societal expectations and patriarchal barriers, involvement in the movement provided a sense of agency, solidarity, and purpose. It allowed women to challenge oppressive colonial laws, assert their rights, and contribute to the larger cause of freedom and equality. 4. Why did political leaders differ sharply over the question of separate electorates? Ans. Political leaders differed sharply over the question of separate electorates due to various reasons: Representation: Some leaders, like Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, advocated for separate electorates for marginalized communities, such as Dalits, to ensure adequate representation and safeguard their interests in legislative bodies. Unity vs. Division: Others, like Mahatma Gandhi, opposed separate electorates, fearing it would further divide Indian society along communal lines and undermine the unity of the nationalist movement. |
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