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NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Judiciary helps you understand the powers and functions of the Indian judiciary as it answers all questions in this political science lesson. While going through the solutions you will realise that all questions have been answered as per the content of the Civics chapter on Judiciary. Also, you can download the NCERT solutions PDF to revise before examination or unit tests.
Download NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 ‘Judiciary’
Download NCERT Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 ‘Judiciary’ Notes PDF
Table of Contents
Download NCERT Solutions of all Class 8 Civics Chapters here:
| Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 | Chapter 7 | Chapter 8 |
Important Questions and Answers in NCERT Class 8 Civics Chapter 4: Judiciary
Let us start with NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Judiciary by going through the answers to questions spread across the lesson. In this section, we have covered questions on different pages of the chapter.
Questions on Page No. 50
Ques 1. Do you think that any ordinary citizen stands a chance against a politician in this kind of judicial system? Why not?
Ans: While the Indian judiciary aims for fairness, ordinary citizens face challenges seeking justice against politicians. Factors like unequal resources, media influence, lengthy legal battles, and societal pressures create a difficult environment. Though not impossible, these challenges highlight the real-world complexities of pursuing justice against powerful figures in Indian society.
Questions on Page No. 51
Ques 1. List two reasons why you believe an independent judiciary is essential to democracy.
Ans: An independent judiciary is essential to democracy as it:
- Ensures checks and balances within the government,
- Protects the Fundamental Rights of the citizens from being infringed by the government.
Questions on Page No. 53
Ques 1. Write two sentences of what you understand about the appellate system from the given case.
Ans: The Indian judicial system is unified, meaning higher courts have the power to review and influence rulings made by lower courts. This is achieved through a system called “appellate jurisdiction,” which grants individuals the right to challenge lower court decisions in higher courts if they believe the initial judgment was unfair.
Questions on Page No. 53
Ques 1. Fill in the table given below based on what you have understood about criminal and civil law.
| Description of Violation | Branch of Law | Procedure to be Followed |
| A group of girls are persistently harassed by a group of boys while walking to school. | ||
| A tenant who is being forced to move out files a case in court against the landlord. |
Ans:
| Description of Violation | Branch of Law | Procedure to be Followed |
| A group of girls are persistently harassed by a group of boys while walking to school. | Criminal Law | The girls need to file an FIR at the nearest police station. The police will then investigate the case and take it to the court. |
| A tenant who is being forced to move out files a case in court against the landlord. | Civil Law | The tenant must file a petition before the relevant court. |
Questions on Page No. 57
Ques 1. Discuss the impact of the shortage of judges on the delivery of justice to the litigants.
Ans: Here is how the shortage of judges impacts the delivery of justice to litigants:
- Delayed Judgments: A shortage of judges leads to a backlog of cases, causing significant delays in resolving disputes and delivering justice to litigants. This can have severe financial and emotional consequences for individuals waiting for closure.
- Increased Costs: Delays often necessitate repeated court appearances and extensions of legal representation, leading to increased costs for litigants, especially those with limited resources.
- Loss of Faith in the System: Prolonged delays can erode public trust in the judiciary, creating a sense of injustice and frustration among those awaiting their case to be heard.
- Potential Deterrence: The fear of lengthy court proceedings might deter individuals from pursuing legitimate legal claims, hindering access to justice and potentially leading to unresolved conflicts.
- Discouragement of Settlements: Delays can discourage litigants from seeking out-of-court settlements, as they might see it as faster than waiting for a court judgment.
Download NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 ‘Judiciary’
Download NCERT Class 8 Civics Chapter 3 ‘Judiciary’ Notes PDF
Download NCERT Solutions of all Class 8 Civics Chapters here:
| Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 | Chapter 7 | Chapter 8 |
NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Judiciary
Lastly, we have NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Judiciary to questions in the ‘Exercises’ section of the lesson.
Exercises
Ques 1. You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is ‘upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?
Ans: An independent judiciary is essential for the task of ‘preserving the law and safeguarding Fundamental Rights.’ It aims to insulate the legal process from outside pressures and ensure comprehensive legal protection for individuals seeking recourse in court for any matter.
Every individual has the right to seek judicial redress if they believe their rights have been infringed upon. In cases where legislation enacted by the Parliament violates Fundamental Rights, the judiciary possesses the authority to invalidate such laws.
Ques 2. Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?
Ans: The Right to Constitutional Remedies acts as a safety net that ensures individuals can challenge the government if they believe their rights are being infringed upon. If someone feels their Fundamental Rights are being violated by the government, they can go to court.
Judicial review means courts can cancel government actions if they go against these fundamental rights. So, the Right to Constitutional Remedies and judicial review are linked because courts step in when the government does not respect people’s rights. This might involve higher courts overturning decisions made by lower courts after looking into the matter themselves.
Ques 3. In the following illustration, fill in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case.
Ans:
| Supreme Court | It found Laxman and his mother guilty but acquitted Subash due to insufficient evidence. The bench of the highest court in India sentenced Laxman and his mother to life imprisonment, thereby, differing from the High Court’s judgment. |
| High Court | It acquitted the accused, attributing Sudha’s death to an accidental fire caused by a kerosene stove. |
| Lower Court | It convicted Laxman, his mother Shakuntala, and brother-in-law Subash Chandra, sentencing them to death. |
Ques 4. Keeping the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the sentences that are true and correct the ones that are false.
(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court.
(b) They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision.
(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.
Ans:
(a) True
(b) False
(c ) False
Ques 5. Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all?
Ans: PIL simplified the legal process, allowing even informal means of communication like letters or telegrams to be treated as PIL as it allows any individual or organisation to reach out to the High Court or Supreme Court on behalf of those whose rights were violated.
Ques 6. Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.
Ans: In the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case, the judges said that the Right to Livelihood is part of the Right to Life. They explained that life is not just about being alive like an animal; it also means having a way to earn a living. In this case, people were poor and lived in slums. They had small jobs and nowhere else to live. For them, being forced out of their slum would mean losing their way to make a living, which in turn means losing their life. This is how the judges linked the right to life with the basic needs of food, clothes, and shelter.
Ques 7. Write a story around the theme, ‘Justice delayed is justice denied’.
Ans: Do it yourself.
Ques 8. Make sentences with each of the glossary words given on the next page.
Here is the list of words in the glossary:
(i) Acquit
(ii) To Appeal
(iii) Compensation
(iv) Eviction
(iv) Violation
Ans:
| Words | Sentences |
| Acquit | The jury acquitted the defendant due to lack of evidence. |
| To Appeal | The company decided to appeal the court’s ruling in favour of their competitor. |
| Compensation | The oil company was ordered to pay compensation to the families affected by the oil spill. |
| Eviction | The tenant faced eviction as they failed to pay rent within 30 days. |
| Violation | Speeding is a serious violation of traffic laws. |
Ques 9. The following is a poster made by the Right to Food campaign.
Source: NCERT
Read this poster and list the duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food.
How does the phrase “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it!!” used in the poster relate to the photo essay on the Right to Food on page 55?
Ans: Here are the duties of the Government of India to uphold the Right to Food in India:
- Ensure Food Availability: This involves maintaining sufficient food stocks through domestic production, imports, or other means.
- Ensure Food Accessibility: This means making sure food is physically and economically accessible to all, including through fair distribution networks and affordable pricing mechanisms.
- Ensure Food Adequacy: This concerns providing individuals with sufficient, nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and maintain good health.
- Ensure Food Stability: This involves protecting people from food insecurity caused by factors like natural disasters, economic instability, or conflict.
“Hungry Stomachs, Overflowing Godowns! We Will Not Accept It!” and the Right to Food:
The powerful statement in the poster criticizes a situation where people go hungry despite the existence of ample food reserves. This situation highlights the failure of the government to fulfil its duties regarding food accessibility and distribution. It emphasizes the unacceptability of such a situation where basic needs like food are not met, even with resources available.
The statement resonates with the Right to Food as it demands that the government take concrete actions to bridge the gap between food availability and accessibility. It serves as a call to action for the government to ensure everyone has access to the food they need for a dignified life.
Explore notes of Class 8 Civics chapters here:
| Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 | Chapter 7 | Chapter 8 |
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FAQs
Ans: You can download important questions and answers in Class 8 Chapter 4 Judiciary at Leverage Edu’s NCERT Study Material section.
Ans: You can download NCERT chapters from the official website of NCERT.
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