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In class 11 NCERT textbook of Psychology, you become familiar with the concept of memory, its nature, types, forgetfulness, and how to enhance memory. However, without practising with unit-based questions, you may lack clarity and a deeper understanding. This blog provides some exercises along with their solutions to help you understand the concepts more easily.
Explore Notes of Class 11 Psychology
NCERT Solutions Class 11 Psychology Chapter 6: Memory
Below, we have provided you with the exercises mentioned in the NCERT Class 11 Chapter 6: Memory Unit, along with their solutions.
Exercises
- What are the meaning of the terms ‘encoding’, ‘storage’, and ‘retrieval’?
- How is information processed through sensory, short-term, and long-term memory systems?
- How are maintenance rehearsals different from elaborative rehearsals?
- Differentiate between declarative and procedural memories?
- Why does forgetting take place?
- How is retrieval-related forgetting different from forgetting due to interference?
- Define mnemonics? Suggest a plan to improve your memory.
Solutions
- Encoding is the process by which incoming information is recorded and represented so it can be used by our memory system. Storage refers to the process through which encoded information is retained over a period of time. Retrieval is the process of bringing stored information into awareness for use in various cognitive tasks.
- Sensory memory registers sensory input as an exact replica but retains it only briefly (less than a second). Short-term memory (STM) receives attended information from sensory registers and holds it briefly (about 30 seconds) with a small capacity. Long-term memory (LTM) stores information permanently in a vast storehouse. Information is transferred to LTM through elaborative rehearsals.
- Maintenance rehearsals involve simple repetition to retain information in STM without adding meaning, whereas elaborative rehearsals involve organizing and associating new information with existing knowledge to enhance storage in LTM.
- Declarative memory stores facts, names, and general knowledge that can be verbally described (e.g., India became independent in 1947). Procedural memory includes skills and procedures (e.g., riding a bicycle) that are difficult to verbalize and are acquired through practice.
- Forgetting occurs due to several reasons:
- Trace decay, where memory traces fade over time if not used.
- Interference, where competing information hinders recall.
- Retrieval failure, when stored information cannot be accessed due to a lack of appropriate retrieval cues.
- Retrieval-related forgetting happens when stored information becomes inaccessible due to absent or inappropriate cues. Forgetting due to interference occurs when similar information competes during recall, either from prior (proactive) or subsequent (retroactive) learning.
- Mnemonics are memory-enhancing strategies that help in recall through imagery or organization (e.g., keyword method, method of loci).
Memory improvement plan includes:
- Using imagery-based mnemonics
- Organizing content through chunking or first-letter techniques
- Avoiding interference by spacing study sessions
- Practicing deep-level processing (focusing on meaning)
- Using retrieval cues
- Applying the PQRST method: Preview, Question, Read, Self-recite, Test.
Download NCERT Solutions Class 11 Psychology Chapter 6: Memory
Download the Solutions of Other Chapters of Class 11 Psychology
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