NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4 ‘Getting to Know Plants’: Notes and Solutions (Free PDF)

NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Notes include textual and pictorial representations of important aspects of the plant kingdom. All the information is in coherence with the latest CBSE curriculum for Class 6 students. With all the definitions, concepts, and facts covered in these notes, you will be able to understand the “Getting to Know Plants” chapter easily. To make learning more fun, we have provided you with some interesting diagrams, which are essential for your understanding of the environment and tests. With all the information you will be able to understand the plants better and help build a sustainable future.

Explore all the Chapters of Class 6 Science:-

Chapter 1	Chapter 2	Chapter 3	Chapter 5	Chapter 6
Chapter 7	Chapter 8	Chapter 9	Chapter 10	Chapter 11

Also Read: Branches of Science

Summary of NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4

CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 4 deals with plants- their parts and types. In this chapter, we learn about the classification of plants based on their sizes, growth patterns, and places of growth. Also, we get to know about the root system and shoot system of plants. In this section, we will discover about types of roots and their functions and the significance of stems in plants. Furthermore, we will learn about parts of a flower and a leaf. Other key concepts in  NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4 include leaf venation, transpiration, and photosynthesis.

Getting to Know Plants Class 6 Notes

Let us now dive into interesting concepts related to the flora around us!!

Different Parts of a Plant

There are plants everywhere around us. By producing food and releasing oxygen for humans to breathe, they contribute to the survival of life on Earth. The stationary living things that surround us are plants. They are the main sources of nourishment. They are primarily green in hue and produce food using the sun as an energy source.

Here are the different parts of a plant:

• Stem
• Root
• Flower
• Seed
• Fruit

Different Types of Plants

Plants are classified into three types- Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees, as per the size and type of stem and branch. 

• Herbs: Herbs are plants with stems that are green and delicate. They occasionally lack branches and are typically short. Some common examples of herbs are Mint, Tulsi, Wheat, and Mustard.
• Shrubs: Branches can grow from the stem base in some plants. Although not extremely thick, the stem is tough. They are known as bushes. Common examples include the Tea plant, the Sunflower plant, and the Rose plant.
• Trees: Whereas, Some plants have thick, rigid stems and are rather tall. They have branches that grow from the stem’s top. They are known as trees. Common trees in our surroundings are Neem tree, Peepal tree, Mango Tree, Ashoka tree, and Coconut tree.

Also Read: What is Sexual and Asexual Reproduction in Plants?

Creepers and Climbers

These types of plants require support to grow. Creepers usually spread on the land with the support of the ground. Whereas, climbers grow with the support of elevated branches in a forest or near trees or buildings or sticks in houses.

Algae and Mosses

These are the simplest or most primitive plants. In humid environments, mosses can be seen growing on surfaces, rocks, or tree bark, while algae are typically found floating on water.

Also Read: What is Botany?

Stem and Its Functions

The stem is where the branches and leaves come from. It is one of the main components of a plant. Here are the different functions of a stem:

• It provides structural support to the plant.
• The stem transports nutrients from the leaves to the roots and other parts of the plant as well as water from the roots to the leaves and other components.
• Although present in the soil, plants like potatoes, yams, ginger, and onions are actually stems that contain nourishment.

Parts of a Leaf

The most crucial component of the plant is the leaf. Plants typically have green leaves. Leaves come in a variety of sizes and forms. Here are the different parts of a leaf:

• Petiole: The part of the leaves that connects them to the stem is termed petiole. 
• Lamina or Leaf Blade: It is the broad green section of the leaf. 
• Veins: A thread-like structure that forms a network on a leaf. 
• Midrib: It refers to the thick vein present in the middle of a leaf. 

Also Read: Class 8 Science NCERT Syllabus 

Types of Leaf Venation

• Reticulate Venation: It refers to venation that seems to be a net on both sides of the midrib. This venation is found in Peepal leaves. 
• Parallel Venation: Leaves in which veins and veinlets run parallel to each other are termed parallel venation leaves. A common example of this venation type is grass.

Roots and their Types

The portion of the plant that is found underground is called the root. In addition to stabilising the plant, it also takes in water and minerals. Also, some roots are storehouses of food, on account of which they become plump. Radish, beetroot, and carrot are examples of roots that store food. 

Here are the different types of roots:

• Tap Roots: In some plants, the main or primary root is a thick underground structure from which the roots’ branches grow. These are known as taproots.
• Lateral Roots: Secondary or tine roots coming out of taproots are called lateral roots. 
• Fibrous Roots:  In grass, the branches of roots emerge from the stem’s base. These roots are known as fibrous roots. 

Fact: Plants with parallel venation have fibrous roots, while those with reticulate venation have taproots.

Parts of a Flower

A flower is also known as a modified shoot. It is generally the most appealing and beautiful part of a plant. 

Here are the different parts of a flower: 

• Sepals: It is the flower’s outermost whorl. They usually look like tiny green leaves. When a flower is still a bud, it shields its interior.
• Petals: The second layer after sepals are petals. Each flower has petals of unique colours and fragrances. Also, certain flowers have petals that smell sweet. The flowers’ colour and scent draw in not just animals and people, but also insects and birds.
• Stamens: These are the male reproductive parts in a flower. Each flower has nearly 4 to 6 stamens. Each of these consists of two parts- anther and filament. Anther is the part which contains pollen grains. 
• Pistil: It is the female reproductive part of a flower. It is the innermost part of a flower that consists of three parts- Ovary; Style; and Stigma. Further, the ovary is segregated into Locules that contain ovules. 

Also Read: Science Projects for Class 8

Important Definitions in NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4

Let us now learn about relevant definitions in CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 4. These will help you understand terms related to flora. 

Root System

The part of the plant below the soil is known as the root system.

Shoot System

The part of the plant above the soil is termed the shoot system.

Leaf Venation

Leaves have veins which refers to a thread-like structure that forms a network. The pattern formed by veins and their branches (veinlets) of a leaf is known as venation. 

Transpiration

It is the process through which a plant loses water from its aerial components, particularly its leaves. Small apertures on the underside of leaves known as stomata allow water to escape as water vapour.

Photosynthesis

It is the process through which a plant uses sunlight as its energy source to turn carbon dioxide and water into food. This process takes place in the green leaves of a plant.

Download NCERT Science Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Important Questions and Answers PDF

Explore all the Chapters of Class 6 Science:-

Chapter 1	Chapter 2	Chapter 3	Chapter 5	Chapter 6
Chapter 7	Chapter 8	Chapter 9	Chapter 10	Chapter 11

Important Questions and Answers in CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 4

Here are all the answers to questions of Exercise in NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 4. 

Ques 1: Correct the below-mentioned sentences:

1. Stem absorbs minerals and water from the soil.
2. Roots have the work of conducting water to the leaves.
3. Leaves support plants to stand upright.
4. In a flower, there are an equal number of stamens and petals.
5. A flower’s petals are connected together if its sepals are linked together.
6. The pistil and the petal of a flower are connected if the petals are fused together.

Ans: 

1. Roots absorb minerals and plants, for the plant, from the soil.
2. Stem has the work of conducting water to the leaves.
3. Stem supports plants to stand upright.
4. It is not necessary that the number of stamens and petals in a flower is always the same.
5. If a flower has connected sepals, its petals are separate.
6. If a flower has joined petals, its pistil may or may not be connected to the petal. 

Ques 2: Draw a picture of 

1. A Leaf
2. A Taproot
3. A Flower

Ans: 

1. A Leaf

2. A Taproot

3. A Flower

Ques 3: Mention a plant in your neighborhood or home with a long but weak stem. Also, mention the category to which it belongs.

Ans: A money plant has a long but weak stem. It requires support to grow. It is a climber

Ques 4: What is a stem’s function?

Ans: Here are some important functions of a stem:

• It helps plants stand upright.
• It conducts water to the leaves of the plants.
• It also conducts food from leaves to different parts of a plant.

Ques 5: Which of the below-mentioned leaves have reticulate venation?

1. Wheat
2. China Rose
3. Tulsi
4. Coriander 
5. Grass
6. Maize

Ans: Coriander, Tulsi, and China Rose

Ques 6: What type of venation does the leaf of a fibrous root plant have?

Ans: Leaves of a fibrous root plant have parallel venation.

Ques 7: What type of roots does a plant with reticulate venation leaves have?

Ans: Plants with reticulate venation leaves have tap roots.

Ques 8: Can we determine the type of root a plant has- Fibrous root or Taproot, from the impression of its leaf on a paper?

Ans: Yes. we can easily find out whether a plant has a fibrous root or taproot by the impression of its leaf on paper.

Ques 9: Name the parts of a flower.

Ans: A flower contains the following parts:

1. Petals
2. Sepals
3. Stamens
4. Pistil

Ques 10: Which of the following plants have flowers?

1. Grass
2. Maize
3. Wheat
4. Chilli
5. Tomato
6. Tulsi
7. Peepal
8. Shisham
9. Banyan
10. Mango
11. Jamun
12. Guava
13. Pomegranate
14. Papaya
15. Banana
16. Lemon
17. Sugarcane
18. Potato
19. Groundnut

Ans: All of the above have flowers.

Ques 11: Which part of the plant produces food? What is the process called?

Ans: Leaves prepare food for the plant. This process is called Photosynthesis.

Ques 12: Which part of the flower has the ovary?

Ans: The ovary is present in the most swollen and lowermost part of the pistil.

Ques 13: Give 1 example of a plant for each of the following:

1. One with separated sepals
2. One with joined sepals

Ans: 

1. Cotton and Dhatura
2. Lotus and Rose

Also Read:

NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Notes: Components of Food

NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes: Sorting Materials into Groups

NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Notes: Separation of Substances

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