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Answer: The difference between pollination and fertilization lies in their roles in plant reproduction. Pollination is the transfer of pollen to the stigma, while fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes. Pollination enables fertilization, which leads to seed formation and the development of a new plant.
Complete Answer:
Here is the difference between pollination and fertilization:
| Pollination | Fertilization |
| Pollination is the process of transferring pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower. | Fertilization is the fusion of the male gamete (from pollen) with the female gamete (in the ovule) to form a zygote. |
| It is a physical and external process. | It is a biological and internal process. |
| Pollination occurs before fertilization. | Fertilization occurs after successful pollination. |
| Pollination often requires external agents like wind, water, insects, or animals. | Fertilization does not involve any external agents. |
| It takes place on the stigma of the flower. | It occurs inside the ovule within the ovary. |
| Male gametes are not released; only pollen grains are transferred. | Actual fusion of male and female gametes takes place. |
| Pollination depends on environmental factors or pollinators. | Fertilization depends on the successful germination of pollen and the growth of the pollen tube. |
| Leads to the arrival of pollen on the stigma, enabling the next step. | Leads to the formation of a zygote, which develops into a seed. |
| It facilitates the meeting of male and female gametes. | It completes sexual reproduction and initiates embryo development. |
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