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The NCERT Class 11 History Chapter 4: Changing Traditions from Themes in World History explores the transformation of European society through the lens of feudalism. It also discusses the evolving roles of knights and craftsmen, and the profound impact of population and economic shifts. These NCERT solutions are prepared to help CBSE students understand complex historical concepts, offering clear and concise answers to exercise questions for effective exam preparation and a deeper understanding of the past. You can also download the free PDF for effective revision anywhere and anytime.
Explore Notes of Class 11: Themes in World History
NCERT Solutions Class 11 Themes in World History Chapter 4: Changing Traditions
This section provides clear solutions for Class 11 Themes in World History Chapter 4: Changing Traditions. The detailed explanations below help students grasp the subject thoroughly.
Exercise
(Answer in Brief)
- Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Two features of early feudal society in France were the decentralised power structure, where local lords held authority over land and peasants, and the vassalage system, where lords granted land (fiefs) to vassals in exchange for military service and loyalty.
- How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe?
Long-term changes in population levels affected Europe’s economy and society by causing shifts in labour supply. Population growth in the High Middle Ages increased agricultural production and trade, while the Black Death (14th century) reduced the workforce, leading to higher wages for labourers and the decline of feudalism as serfs gained more bargaining power.
- Why did knights become a distinct group, and when did they decline?
Knights became a distinct group due to their specialised role as mounted warriors serving lords under the feudal system, emerging prominently by the 11th century. They declined in the 14th-15th centuries due to the rise of professional armies, gunpowder technology, and the weakening of feudal structures.
- What was the function of medieval monasteries?
The function of medieval monasteries was to serve as centres of religious life, preserving knowledge through copying manuscripts, providing education, and offering charity to the poor. They also played a role in agricultural innovation and acted as spiritual retreats for the clergy.
(Answer in a Short Essay)
- Imagine and describe a day in the life of a craftsman in a medieval French town.
A day in the life of a craftsman in a medieval French town begins at dawn with prayers, followed by work in a small workshop crafting goods like pottery or metal tools. The craftsman, part of a guild, spends the morning shaping materials, negotiating with merchants, and training an apprentice. After a midday meal with family, work resumes, interrupted by town bells signalling rest or market hours. Evenings involve socialising at the guildhall or repairing tools, reflecting a life balanced between skill, community, and economic survival.
- Compare the conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave.
The conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave differed in terms of freedom and economic roles. A French serf, bound to the lord’s land in the medieval period, worked the fields to sustain both the manor and themselves, owing labour and a portion of produce but retaining a family unit and some personal rights. A Roman slave, owned outright in antiquity, had no legal status, performing diverse tasks from household duties to mining, with harsher treatment and no familial autonomy. These differences arose from their societal contexts: feudalism offered serfs a degree of stability within a hierarchical system, while Roman slavery was rooted in conquest and absolute ownership, lacking any social safety net.
Also Read: NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Political Theory: Citizenship Solutions (Free PDF)
Download NCERT Solutions Class 11 History Themes in World History Chapter 4: Changing Traditions
You can download the NCERT solutions for Class 11 Themes in World History Chapter 4: Changing Traditions. We have provided the free PDF for students below.
Explore Solutions of Class 11: Themes in World History
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