What is the Role of the Judiciary in the Federal Government?

The judiciary is one of the three branches of the federal government of the United States, alongside the executive and legislative branches. Its primary role is to interpret and apply the law, ensuring justice is upheld and constitutional rights are protected.

At the federal level, the judiciary operates independently to check the powers of the other two branches, resolve disputes, and interpret laws and the Constitution. This system is essential for maintaining the rule of law and the balance of power within the government.

Key Roles of the Federal Judiciary

Function	Description
Interpreting the Law	Determines the meaning and scope of laws passed by Congress.
Judicial Review	Declares laws or executive actions unconstitutional if they violate the Constitution.
Resolving Disputes	Settles legal conflicts between individuals, organizations, and government entities.
Protecting Rights	Safeguards individual liberties and civil rights against unlawful infringement.
Maintaining Federalism	Decides disputes between state and federal governments, or between states.
Ensuring Due Process	Guarantees fair procedures and trials in legal proceedings.

Structure of the Federal Judiciary

The federal judiciary has a three-tiered structure:

• The Supreme Court – The highest court, which interprets constitutional questions and sets legal precedents.
  
• District Courts – Trial-level courts where cases begin.
• Courts of Appeals (Circuit Courts) – Review decisions from district courts.

Importance of the Judiciary in the Federal Government

Ensures Accountability: Holds other branches accountable through judicial review.

Protects Democracy: Ensures that laws and government actions are in line with the Constitution.

Upholds Equal Justice: Provides a platform for fair treatment under the law for all citizens.

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