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The correct answer is D. New Zealand.
Kiwis are unique, flightless birds native to New Zealand. They are not found naturally in India, England, or South America. These birds are one of the most iconic symbols of New Zealand, and they hold significant cultural importance for the indigenous Māori people, who view the kiwi as a sacred treasure (“taonga”).
Why Are Kiwis Found in New Zealand?
New Zealand’s isolated geographical location and unique ecosystem make it the perfect home for Kiwis. Millions of years ago, New Zealand separated from the ancient supercontinent Gondwana. This isolation allowed its flora and fauna to evolve without the presence of land predators like mammals, creating a safe environment for flightless birds like the kiwi.
Kiwis are members of a group of birds known as ratites, which also include ostriches, emus, and cassowaries. Unlike their larger relatives, kiwis are small and nocturnal, with strong legs adapted for running rather than flying. Their inability to fly became less of a disadvantage in New Zealand’s predator-free environment before humans arrived.
What Makes New Zealand Favorable for Kiwis?
Dense Forests and Bushlands: New Zealand’s temperate rainforests provide dense undergrowth, offering shelter and food for kiwis. The soft soil is ideal for their probing beaks to search for insects and worms.
Climate: The moderate climate, with abundant rainfall, supports a thriving ecosystem of insects, plants, and fungi, which are essential for the kiwi’s diet.
Absence of Natural Predators: Before human settlement, New Zealand lacked predatory mammals, allowing kiwis to thrive without developing flight as a defence mechanism.
Threats and Conservation Efforts
When humans arrived in New Zealand, they introduced predators like dogs, cats, and stoats, which became a significant threat to kiwi populations. Today, conservation programs aim to protect these birds through predator control, habitat preservation, and breeding programs.
Common Doubts
