{"id":806645,"date":"2024-01-24T18:10:57","date_gmt":"2024-01-24T12:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/?p=806645"},"modified":"2024-01-24T18:10:57","modified_gmt":"2024-01-24T12:40:57","slug":"class-8-science-chapter-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/","title":{"rendered":"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>To great learning, notes are an important aspect. They also play a key part in revision hence eventually enabling a student to pass their exams. So, in NCERT Solutions and Notes Class 8 Science Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friend and Foe we have provided summarised notes of the chapter. You also, get a free PDF of the solutions for you to download. These notes will help you recap the chapter within minutes. Let\u2019s proceed!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-red-color has-pale-ocean-gradient-background has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-2f08e20d6562f72c88a40abd41a2ec4b\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/16qaMDWNTMdtZOkdIpk4KeThAXjb1nU3Z\/view?usp=sharing\"><strong>Download the NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 2 Solutions PDF Here!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-469ac5c7e3551924c8814e80a36b73b5\"><strong>Explore all the Chapters of Class 8 Science:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-pale-ocean-gradient-background has-background\"><tbody><tr><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-1\/\">Chapter 1<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>Chapter 2<\/td><td><strong>Chapter 3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 4<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 5<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 7<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 8<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 9<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 10<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 11<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 12<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 13<\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-class-8-science-chapter-2-microorganisms-friend-and-foe-notes\">Class 8 Science Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friend and Foe Notes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To begin with, below are the notes from Class 8 Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friends and Foe. these notes have been prepared in such a way that it will be easy for you to understand, go through and revise the chapter. Let\u2019s have a look at them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Microorganisms Friend and Foe in One shot | NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 2 | BYJU&#039;S - Class 8\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rn1Qx7dVlb8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source: BYJUs 6,7&8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-microorganisms\">Microorganisms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The organisms that exist around us but we cannot see are known as <strong>microorganisms<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The fungus can be seen with magnifying glass, other microbes can be seen under a microscope.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microbes are classified into 4 major groups:- Bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Viruses are different from microorganisms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Viruses reproduce inside the host cells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by protozoa(protozoans) whereas typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are bacterial diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/pkxRlDOk-1n3XOSeI9tK2E1esS7jFKIphU9uXI3qx6LYXsx1dsBnnMR3Vjl7v9ADdhNF_9sGxYJ_WFKLgfiiVsb3BFa1N5nhoXZRewcz8BoIfGh4HQMhJsE7Oiyf24-9D1W2ND7XJ1_yw7yTryqode4\" alt=\"Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe: Microorganisms\n\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-where-do-microorganisms-live\">Where do Microorganisms live?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Microbes may be single-celled like bacteria or may be multicellular like algae, or protozoa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They live in every environment ice cold climates to hot springs, and deserts to marshy lands.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-microorganisms-and-us\">Microorganisms and Us<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They are essential for us, some are advantageous, some harmful, and some are disease-causing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-friendly-microorganisms\">Friendly Microorganisms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They are used in making curd, bread, cakes, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wastes like dead plant residues, vegetable peels, etc are broken down by them into simpler molecules.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In agriculture, they are used to increase soil fertility by fixing nitrogen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-making-of-curd-and-bread\">Making of Curd and Bread<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The making of curd involves the bacterium, <strong><em>Lactobacillus<\/em><\/strong>. It multiplies in milk and converts it into curd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bacteria are also involved in the making of cheese, pickles and many other food items. An important ingredient of rava (sooji ) idlis and bhaturas is curd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yeast is also helpful for fermentation of rice idlis and dosa batter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is also used in the baking industry. It multiplies rapidly and produces carbon-dioxide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-commercial-use-of-microorganisms\">Commercial use of Microorganisms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Microorganisms are used for the large-scale production of alcohol, wine and acetic acid (vinegar).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For this purpose, yeast is grown in sugars of grains such as wheat, barley, rice, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as <strong>fermentation<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-medicinal-use-of-microorganisms\">Medicinal use of Microorganisms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Microbes are the source of medicines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medicines that kill or stop the growth of the disease-causing microorganisms are known as <strong>antibiotics<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Several antibiotics are being produced from bacteria and fungi. Streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin are some of the commonly known antibiotics that are made from fungi and bacteria.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They are also used to control many plant diseases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antibodies<\/strong> are produced to fight diseases causing microbes that enter the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weekend microbes are introduced inside the body of the individual, they lead to the creation of antibodies that fight the disease-causing microbes. These antibodies remain in the body forever hence protecting against disease. This is how vaccines work.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Many diseases like cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox and hepatitis can be prevented by vaccination.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe: Antibiotics\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/jZHQYUKfl8hKcsy4lraZb-9m1-WAYU0kp9ZkG1549sZYtiZCTmwAcXTYPA0oaJk8zX9E1S1X0WG07z0SNzx4Ddvg5AQyVsthl7xp6Fw8upHPxabTNfH4gB0qLn0D5tbvbCHG-Y1kYD_aILSuBJ16puM\" ><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-increasing-soil-fertility\">Increasing soil fertility<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Certain microbes that fix atmospheric nitrogen and enrich the soil with the same are known as <strong>biological nitrogen fixers<\/strong>, such as cyanobacteria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cleansing-the-environment\">Cleansing the Environment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Biodegradable waste such as vegetable peels, dead plant residues, etc. are decomposed by the bacteria and get converted into manure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microorganisms can be used to degrade harmful and smelly substances and thereby clean up the environment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-harmful-microorganisms\">Harmful Microorganisms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Some microbes are disease-causing and are known as <strong>pathogens<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some microorganisms spoil food, clothing and leather.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-disease-causing-microorganisms-in-humans\">Disease-causing Microorganisms in Humans<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pathogens can enter our bodies through water, food, air etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diseases can spread from an infected person to a healthy person through water, air, etc. Such diseases are known as <strong>communicable diseases<\/strong>. Examples:- cholera, common cold, chicken pox and tuberculosis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some insects and animals act as carriers of disease-causing microbes such as flies, mosquitoes, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Female <strong><em>Anopheles<\/em><\/strong> mosquito carries the parasite of malaria (Plasmodium).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Female <strong><em>Aedes<\/em><\/strong> mosquito acts as a carrier of the dengue virus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>All mosquitoes breed in water.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Human <\/strong><br><strong>Disease<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Causative<\/strong><br><strong>Microorganism<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Mode of Transmission<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Preventive Measures (General)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tuberculosis<\/strong><br><strong>Measles<\/strong><br><strong>Chicken Pox<\/strong><br><strong>Polio<\/strong><\/td><td>Bacteria<br>Virus<br>Virus<br>Virus<\/td><td>Air<br>Air<br>Air\/Contact\u00a0Air<br>Water<\/td><td>Keep the patient in complete isolation. Keep the personal belongings of the patient away from those of the others. Vaccination to be given at a suitable age<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Cholera<\/strong><br><strong>Typhoid<\/strong><\/td><td>Bacteria<br>Bacteria<\/td><td>Water\/Food<br>Water<\/td><td>Maintain personal hygiene and good sanitary habits. Consume properly cooked food and boiled drinking water. Vaccination.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Hepatitis A<\/strong><\/td><td>Virus<\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>Drink boiled drinking water. Vaccination.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Malaria<\/strong><\/td><td>Protozoa<\/td><td>Mosquito<\/td><td>Use mosquito net and repellents. Spray insecticides and control the breeding of mosquitoes by not allowing water to collect in the surroundings.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-disease-causing-microorganisms-in-animals\">Disease-causing Microorganisms in Animals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Anthrax is a dangerous human and cattle disease caused by a bacterium.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by a virus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-disease-causing-microorganisms-in-plants\">Disease-causing Microorganisms in Plants<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Microbes cause diseases in plants as well such as apples, wheat, rice, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They can be controlled by the use of chemicals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-food-poisoning\">Food Poisoning<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Food spoilt by microorganisms can cause food poisoning.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We must preserve food to prevent it from being spoilt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-food-preservation\">Food Preservation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There are many methods by which food can be prevented from being spoiled.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-chemical-method\">Chemical Method<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Salts and edible oils are the common chemicals generally used to check the growth of microorganisms, hence, these are known as <strong>preservatives<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sodium benzoate<\/strong> and <strong>sodium metabisulphite<\/strong> are common preservatives used in jams and squashes to prevent them from getting spoilt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Salt<\/strong> or <strong>acid<\/strong> are added as preservatives to pickles to prevent the attack of microbes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-preservation-by-common-salt\">Preservation by Common Salt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Common salt is used to preserve fish, meat, amla, raw mangoes, tamarind, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-preservation-by-sugar\">Preservation by Sugar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sugar reduces the moisture content and is used in the preservation of jams, jellies and squashes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-preservation-by-oil-and-vinegar\">Preservation by Oil and Vinegar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It makes the environment unsuitable for bacteria.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vegetables, fruits, fish and meat are often preserved by this method.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-heat-and-cold-treatments\">Heat and Cold Treatments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Milk is boiled before it is stored. It is heated to about 70 C for 15 to 30 seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored. This kills many microbes in it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The process of heating food to high temperatures and then instantly cooling it is called <strong>pasteurisation<\/strong>. It was discovered by Louis Pasteur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-storage-and-packing\">Storage and Packing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dry fruits and even vegetables are sold in sealed air-tight packets to prevent the attack of microbes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nitrogen-fixation\">\u00a0Nitrogen Fixation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rhizobium is involved in the fixation of nitrogen in leguminous plants (pulses).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It lives in the root nodules of leguminous plants such as beans and peas in a symbiotic association.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sometimes nitrogen gets fixed through the action of lightning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nitrogen-cycle\">Nitrogen cycle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Our atmosphere has 78% nitrogen gas. Nitrogen is one of the essential constituents of all living organisms as part of proteins, chlorophyll, nucleic acids and vitamins.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Although it cannot be directly used by plants and animals.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Certain bacteria fix this atmospheric nitrogen into compounds of nitrogen that can be taken up by plants from the soil.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When plants and animals die, bacteria and fungi present in the soil convert the nitrogenous wastes into nitrogenous compounds to be used by plants again.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some percentage is released into the atmosphere making the percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere constant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/9wJW6O56LfmFtq-K4QVgw6Bb7AjD39ue7L5Ql-n2lou-eVJ4nFEPzi98fWZGaJ3GpvoqRs7W7U-wFoiNlVloXJdlvRuVdEM5JVs0aeESYgA6ZaKJ_7bU_Ugp7e2X81aXmmNsT9sfI_Bz_ypMHSgz2AQ\" ><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-important-definitions-of-ncert-class-8-science-chapter-2\">Important Definitions of NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 2\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are important definitions in Class 8 Science Chapter 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The organisms that exist around us but we cannot see are known as <strong>microorganisms<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as <strong>fermentation<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medicines that kill or stop the growth of the disease-causing microorganisms are known as <strong>antibiotics<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some microbes are disease-causing and are known as <strong>pathogens<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diseases can spread from an infected person to a healthy person through water, air, etc. Such diseases are known as <strong>communicable diseases<\/strong>. Examples:- cholera, common cold, chicken pox and tuberculosis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Salts and edible oils are the common chemicals generally used to check the growth of microorganisms, hence, these are known as <strong>preservatives<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The process of heating food to high temperatures and then instantly cooling it is called <strong>pasteurisation<\/strong>. It was discovered by Louis Pasteur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-469ac5c7e3551924c8814e80a36b73b5\"><strong>Explore all the Chapters of Class 8 Science:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-pale-ocean-gradient-background has-background\"><tbody><tr><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-1\/\">Chapter 1<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>Chapter 2<\/td><td><strong>Chapter 3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 4<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 5<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 7<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 8<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 9<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 10<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 11<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chapter 12<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Chapter 13<\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-red-color has-pale-ocean-gradient-background has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-2f08e20d6562f72c88a40abd41a2ec4b\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/16qaMDWNTMdtZOkdIpk4KeThAXjb1nU3Z\/view?usp=sharing\"><strong>Download the NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 2 Solutions PDF Here!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ncert-solutions-of-class-8-science-chapter-2-microorganisms-friend-and-foe\">NCERT Solutions of Class 8 Science Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friend and Foe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let us explore NCERT Solutions of Class 8 Science Chapter 2 to get answers to all writing questions in the lesson microorganisms: friend and foe.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Exercise Questions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Fill in the blanks.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a ____________.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) Blue-green algae fix __________ directly from the air and enhance the fertility of the soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) Alcohol is produced with the help of __________.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) Cholera is caused by __________.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a) Microscope<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b) Nitrogen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c) Yeast<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d) Bacteria- Vibrio cholera<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Tick the correct answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(a) Yeast is used in the production of<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) sugar\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) alcohol\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) hydrochloric acid\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) oxygen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(b) The following is an antibiotic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) Sodium bicarbonate\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) Streptomycin\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) Alcohol\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) Yeast<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(c) Carrier of malaria-causing protozoan is<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) female Anopheles mosquito\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) cockroach\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) housefly <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>iv) butterfly<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(d) The most common carrier of communicable diseases is<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) ant\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) housefly\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) dragonfly\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) spider<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(e) The bread or idli dough rises because of<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) heat\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) grinding\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) growth of yeast cells\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) kneading<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(f) The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is called<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) nitrogen fixation\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) moulding\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) fermentation\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) infection<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a) (ii) alcohol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b) (ii) Streptomycin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c) (i) female Anopheles mosquito<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d) (ii) housefly<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e) (iii) growth of yeast cells<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>f) (iii) fermentation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Match the organisms in Column A with their action in Column B.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>A<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>B<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(i) Bacteria<\/td><td>(a) Fixing nitrogen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(ii) Rhizobium<\/td><td>(b) Setting of curd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(iii) Lactobacillus<\/td><td>(c) Baking of bread<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(iv) Yeast<\/td><td>(d) Causing malaria<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(v) A protozoan<\/td><td>(e) Causing cholera<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(vi) A virus<\/td><td>(f) Causing AIDS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>(g) Producing antibodies<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sol:-<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>A<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>B<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(i) Bacteria<\/td><td>(e) Causing cholera<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(ii) Rhizobium<\/td><td>(a) Fixing nitrogen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(iii) Lactobacillus<\/td><td>(b) Setting of curd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(iv) Yeast<\/td><td>(c) Baking of bread<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(v) A protozoan<\/td><td>(d) Causing malaria<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(vi) A virus<\/td><td>(f) Causing AIDS<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Can microorganisms be seen with the naked eye? If not, how can they be seen?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No, microorganisms cannot be seen with the naked eye. They can be seen either with magnifying glass such as for brad mould, or they can be seen under a microscope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. What are the major groups of microorganisms?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are majorly 5 groups of microorganisms:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bacteria<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fungi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protozoans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Algae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Viruses<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Name the microorganisms which can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rhizobium<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7. Write 10 lines on the usefulness of microorganisms in our lives.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The uses of microorganisms in our lives are listed below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They help clean up the environment. For example, organic wastes (vegetable peels, dead plant residues, etc.) are broken down into harmless and usable substances by bacteria.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bacteria are also involved in the making of cheese, pickles and many other food items. An important ingredient of rava (sooji ) idlis and bhaturas is curd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cheese, pickles, etc all involve the use of bacteria.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bacteria and yeast are also helpful for the fermentation of rice idlis and dosa batter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yeast is used in the baking industry for making cakes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microorganisms are used for the large-scale production of alcohol, wine and acetic acid (vinegar).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microbes are the source of medicines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microorganisms help produce vaccines against disease-causing agents.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Several antibiotics are being produced from bacteria and fungi. Streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin are some of the commonly known antibiotics that are made from fungi and bacteria.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Certain bacteria fix this atmospheric nitrogen into compounds of nitrogen that can be taken up by plants from the soil.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8. Write a short paragraph on the harmful effects of microorganisms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some microbes are disease-causing and are known as <strong>pathogens<\/strong>. Some microorganisms spoil food, clothing and leather. Pathogens can enter our bodies through water, food, air etc. and cause diseases that can spread from an infected person to a healthy person through water, air, etc. Such diseases are known as <strong>communicable diseases<\/strong>. Examples:- cholera, common cold, chicken pox and tuberculosis. Some insects and animals act as carriers of disease-causing microbes such as flies, mosquitoes, etc. Female <strong><em>Anopheles<\/em><\/strong> mosquito carries the parasite of malaria (Plasmodium). Female <strong><em>Aedes<\/em><\/strong> mosquito acts as a carrier of the dengue virus. Food spoilt by microorganisms can cause food poisoning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9. What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking antibiotics?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soln:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medicines that kill or stop the growth of the disease-causing microorganisms are known as <strong>antibiotics<\/strong>. Several antibiotics are being produced from bacteria and fungi. Streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin are some of the commonly known antibiotics that are made from fungi and bacteria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antibiotics should be taken only on the advice of a qualified doctor. Also, one must complete the course prescribed by the doctor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Q 1 to Q 9 - Chapter 2 - Microorganisms: Friend and Foe - Science Class 8, NCERT\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fWhVWUw9p8I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source: Science Class 8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-b40527a46622959fc4e4e8ea43916823\"><strong>Explore Notes of All subjects of CBSE Class 8:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background has-background\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/cbse-notes-and-ncert-solutions-class-8-english\/\"><strong>CBSE NCERT Notes Class 8 English<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td><strong>CBSE NCERT Notes Class 8 History\u00a0<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>CBSE NCERT Notes Class 8 Geography<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CBSE\u00a0 NCERTNotes Class 8 Civics<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>CBSE NCERT Notes Class 8 Mathematics<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/cbse-notes-and-ncert-solutions-class-8-science\/\"><strong>CBSE NCERT Notes Class 8 Science<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faqs\">FAQs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1706098448582\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is microorganisms Class 8 answers?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The organisms that exist around us but we cannot see are known as <strong>microorganisms<\/strong>. The fungus can be seen with magnifying glass, other microbes can be seen under a microscope. Microbes are classified into 4 major groups:- Bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1706098464662\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the name of Class 8 Chapter 2 of science?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The name of Class 8 Science Chapter 2 is \u201cMicroorganisms: Friend and Foe\u201d.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1706098494715\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is virus class 8 science chapter 2?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Viruses are different from microorganisms. Viruses reproduce inside the host cells.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow Leverage Edu for complete study material on <a href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/cbse-notes-and-ncert-solutions-class-8-science\/\"><strong>CBSE Notes of Class 8 Science<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"To great learning, notes are an important aspect. They also play a key part in revision hence eventually&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":806666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[477,389],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-806645","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ncert-study-material","8":"category-school-education"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF) | Leverage Edu Discover<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In NCERT Dolutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2, you will get summary of important topics and answers to all questions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In NCERT Dolutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2, you will get summary of important topics and answers to all questions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Leverage Edu Discover\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-24T12:40:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogassets.leverageedu.com\/media\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/14064411\/Class-8-Science-Chapter-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"deepansh\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"deepansh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF) | Leverage Edu Discover","description":"In NCERT Dolutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2, you will get summary of important topics and answers to all questions.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF)","og_description":"In NCERT Dolutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2, you will get summary of important topics and answers to all questions.","og_url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/","og_site_name":"Leverage Edu Discover","article_published_time":"2024-01-24T12:40:57+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":640,"url":"https:\/\/blogassets.leverageedu.com\/media\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/14064411\/Class-8-Science-Chapter-2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"deepansh","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"deepansh","Est. reading time":"12 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/"},"author":{"name":"deepansh","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/#\/schema\/person\/0ebeb0f80461daa56cf3bf8ee8f94200"},"headline":"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF)","datePublished":"2024-01-24T12:40:57+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/"},"wordCount":2405,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogassets.leverageedu.com\/media\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/14064411\/Class-8-Science-Chapter-2.jpg","articleSection":["NCERT Study Material","School Education"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":["WebPage","FAQPage"],"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/","url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/","name":"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF) | Leverage Edu Discover","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogassets.leverageedu.com\/media\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/14064411\/Class-8-Science-Chapter-2.jpg","datePublished":"2024-01-24T12:40:57+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/#\/schema\/person\/0ebeb0f80461daa56cf3bf8ee8f94200"},"description":"In NCERT Dolutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2, you will get summary of important topics and answers to all questions.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#breadcrumb"},"mainEntity":[{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098448582"},{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098464662"},{"@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098494715"}],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/blogassets.leverageedu.com\/media\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/14064411\/Class-8-Science-Chapter-2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogassets.leverageedu.com\/media\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/14064411\/Class-8-Science-Chapter-2.jpg","width":1024,"height":640,"caption":"Class 8 Science Chapter 2"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"NCERT Solutions and Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 2: Microorganisms: Friend and Foe (Free PDF)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/#website","url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/","name":"Leverage Edu Discover","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/#\/schema\/person\/0ebeb0f80461daa56cf3bf8ee8f94200","name":"deepansh","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dbe60d5176e50f8d0e432c323f84f2435b4b8588b8bda3c2bebc6ed26d98485?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dbe60d5176e50f8d0e432c323f84f2435b4b8588b8bda3c2bebc6ed26d98485?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dbe60d5176e50f8d0e432c323f84f2435b4b8588b8bda3c2bebc6ed26d98485?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"deepansh"},"url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/author\/deepansh\/"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098448582","position":1,"url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098448582","name":"What is microorganisms Class 8 answers?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The organisms that exist around us but we cannot see are known as <strong>microorganisms<\/strong>. The fungus can be seen with magnifying glass, other microbes can be seen under a microscope. Microbes are classified into 4 major groups:- Bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098464662","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098464662","name":"What is the name of Class 8 Chapter 2 of science?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The name of Class 8 Science Chapter 2 is \u201cMicroorganisms: Friend and Foe\u201d.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098494715","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/school-education\/class-8-science-chapter-2\/#faq-question-1706098494715","name":"What is virus class 8 science chapter 2?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Viruses are different from microorganisms. Viruses reproduce inside the host cells.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/109"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=806645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806645\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/806666"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=806645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=806645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=806645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}