CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus

The secret to performing well on any exam is having a plan and sticking to it consistently. But, before preparing for the matriculation exams, it is imperative to have a look at the syllabus as it makes preparations easy and systematic. Unlike higher secondary classes where Physics, Chemistry and Biology come as separate books, in 10th class, the chapters from all three subjects are put in a single cover. In this blog, we have covered the CBSE class 10 Science syllabus in detail. 

Course Structure for Class X

Children’s well-defined abilities in the cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor domains are developed in large part through the study of science. It strengthens the spirit of exploration and fosters creativity, objectivity, and aesthetic awareness. The emphasis is on the knowledge and abilities needed to cultivate a scientific mindset and to use and apply that knowledge to enhance one’s quality of life.
Every year, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) publishes the course syllabi for each of its programmes. Let’s take a look at the structure of the syllabus for 2022-23:

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2022-23
Units	Unit Name	Marks
I	Chemical Substances- Nature and Behaviour	16
II	World of the Living	10
III	Natural Phenomena	14
IV	Effects of Current	13
V	Natural Resources	05
Total	80
Internal Assessment	20
Grand Total	100

UNIT I Chemical Substances – Nature and Behavior

This unit of CBSE class 10 Science syllabus includes the following chapters:

Chapter – 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

• Chemical Equations.
• Balanced chemical equation, Implications of a balanced chemical equation.
• Types of chemical reactions- Combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions, oxidation and reduction.

Chapter – 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

• Understanding the Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases.
• What do all Acids and all Bases have in common?
• How strong are acid or base solutions?
• More about Salts.

Chapter – 3 Metals and Non-metals

• Physical Properties: Metals and Non-metals
• Chemical Properties of Metals.
• How do Metals and Non-Metals react?
• Occurrence of Metals
• Corrosion: Prevention Techniques

Chapter – 4 Carbon and its Compounds

• Bonding in Carbon – The Covalent Bond
• Versatile Nature of Carbon: Saturated and Unsaturated Carbon Compounds, Chains, Branches and Rings, Functional Groups, Homologous Series and Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds
• Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds: Combustion, Oxidation, Addition Reaction and Substitution Reaction
• Some Important Carbon Compounds- Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid
• Soaps and Detergents

UNIT II- World of Living

This unit of CBSE class 10 Science syllabus includes the following chapters:

Chapter – 5 Periodic Classification of Elements

• Making order out of chaos- Early attempts at the classification of elements.
• Making order out of chaos- Mendeleev’s Periodic Table.
• Modern Periodic Table.

Chapter – 6 Life Processes

• What are Life Processes?
• Nutrition
• Respiration: Human Respiratory System
• Transportation: Transportation in Human Beings and Transportation in Plants.
• Excretion: Excretory System in Human Beings and Excretion in Plants

Chapter – 7 Control and Coordination

• Animals-Nervous System: Reflex Actions, Human Brain and Nervous Tissue
• Coordination in Plants: Immediate Response to Stimulus and Movement Due to Growth
• Hormones in Animals: Endocrine Glands in Human Beings

Chapter – 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?

• Do Organisms Create Exact Copies of Themselves.
• Modes of Reproduction used by Single Organisms.
• Sexual Reproduction: Flowering Plants and Human Beings (Male Reproductive System, Female Reproductive System, Menstruation and Reproductive Health)

UNIT III Natural Phenomena

This unit of CBSE class 10 Science syllabus includes the following chapters:

Chapter – 9 Heredity and Evolution

• Accumulation of Variation during Reproduction
• Heredity: Inherited Traits and Mendel’s Contributions, Sex Determination
• Evolution: An Illustration, Acquired and Inherited Traits.
• Speciation
• Evolution and Classification: Tracing Evolutionary Relationships, Fossils and Evolution by Stages
• Evolution Should Not be Equated with ‘Progress’.

UNIT IV Effects of Current

This unit of CBSE class 10 Science syllabus includes the following chapters:

Chapter – 10 Light: Reflection and Refraction

• Reflection of Light
• Spherical Mirrors: Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors, Representation of Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors Using Ray Diagrams.
• Refraction of Light: The Refractive Index, Refraction by Spherical Lenses, Image Formation by Lenses, Image Formation in Lenses by Using Ray Diagrams.

Chapter – 11 Human Eye and Colourful World

• The Human Eye: Power of Accommodation
• Defects of Vision and their Correction.
• Refraction of Light through a Prism
• Dispersion of White Light by a Glass Prism
• Atmospheric Refraction: Twinkling of Stars and Advance Sunrise and Delayed Sunset
• Scattering of Light: Tyndall Effect, Why is the color of the clear Sky Blue, Color of the Sunrise and Sunset.

Chapter – 12 Electricity

• Electric Current and Circuit
• Electric Potential and Potential Difference
• Circuit Diagram
• Ohm’s Law
• Factors on Which the Resistance of Conductor Depends.
• Resistance of a System of Resistors
• Heating Effect of Electric Current.
• Electric Power

Chapter – 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

• Magnetic Field and Field Lines
• Magnetic Field due to a Current-Carrying Conductor: Straight Conductor, Right-Hand Thumb Rule, Circular Loop and Solenoid 
• Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
• Electric Motor
• Electromagnetic Induction
• Electric Generator
• Domestic Electric Circuits

UNIT V Natural Resources

This unit of CBSE class 10 Science syllabus includes the following chapters:

Chapter – 14 Sources of Energy

• What is a Good Source of Energy?
• Conventional Sources of Energy: Fossil Fuels, Thermal Power Plant, Hydro Power Plants
• Biomass and Wind Energy
• Alternative and Non-Conventional Sources of Energy:  Solar Energy, Tidal Energy, Wave Energy, Ocean Thermal Energy, Geothermal Energy, Nuclear Energy (Nuclear Fission and Fusion)
• Environmental Consequences
• How Long Will an Energy Source Last Us?

Chapter – 15 Our Environment

• Ecosystem- What are its Components?
• How Do Our Activities Affect the Environment: Ozone Layer and Depletion and Managing the Garbage we Produce.

Chapter – 16 Management of Natural Resources

• Why Do We Need to Manage Our Resources?
• Forest and Wildlife.
• Water for All.
• Coal and Petroleum
• An Overview of Natural Resource Management

Before starting your preparations, clarity of mind is important and so is having a roadmap for studies. While Science subject covers a broad range of concepts and each chapter needs a different approach. Thus having a class 10 Science syllabus by your side makes it easier for you to prepare. Like your preparations need a roadmap, your career does need it in a similar way. Let Leverage Edu help you prepare one for your future. Our experts will help you decide the best career options with brighter prospects and prepare you in advance.